Introductıon to World Cıvılızatıons (ENG) - Uluslararası İlişkiler (İngilizce)

David Wilkinson proposes to analyze only one Central Civilization, not several ones. For him, civilizations are not cultural groups but rather sociopolitical groups or polycultures. His civilizations are social units, larger than states integrated by political interest. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 4

Which statements below is wrong about civilizations?

The world civilization as a continuum never dies - only evolves from one stage to another.

Autonomous civilizations rose in a response to physical challenges of nature (ecosystem).

In the Egyptian and Japanese Civilizations, it is possible to differentiate more than one culture.

There are about 26 to 29 main autonomous civilizations.

Technology drives the development of infrastructural civilizations.

Açıklama:

In most autonomous civilizations one can differentiate more than one culture, except for the Egyptian, Hittite, and Japanese Civilizations, which are monocultural

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 5

Below are autonomous civilizations with their respective emergence dates.
Which pairing is accurate?

Sinic - about 4000 BCE

Indus (Harrapan) - about 5000 BCE

Mesopotamian Civilization - about 2,000 BCE.

Beriberi-Carthaginian Civilization - about 4500 BCE.

Mesoamerican Civilization - 1000 BCE

Açıklama:

The first autonomous civilization was the Mesopotamian Civilization (including Sumerian), which emerged in the valley of Euphrates-Tigris rivers in the Middle East, about 4,000 BCE. In the Far-East, the first autonomous civilizations rose inland: Indus (Harrapan) about 2,500 BCE, and Sinic about 2,000 BCE. In Africa, the initial civilization was the Beriberi-Carthaginian Civilization around 600 BCE. In South America, early autonomous civilizations included the Andean Civilization that emerged about 1500 BCE. In Central America, the first autonomous civilization was the Mesoamerican Civilization which rose about 1000 BCE. Both civilizations fell about 1600 AD. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 6

I. Technology drives the development of infrastructural civilizations. II. Religion is the main tool of cultural control in cultural civilizations. III. Cultural civilizations evolve into infrastructural civilizations. IV. The Mycenae Civilization is an infrastructural civilization. Which of the statements above are correct?

I and II

II and III

I, II and III

II, III and IV

I, III and IV

Açıklama:

Ever since religion was transformed from beliefs in magic to beliefs in poly-gods and then to a monogod, the cultural civilization has applied religion as the main tool of cultural control. The cultural civilization evolves into a civilization with challenges generated by intracivilizational and inter-civilizational issues of war and peace. These types of issues have been managed by technological means of domination. We will call such a civilization the infrastructural civilization. The infrastructural civilization’s purpose is to expand spheres of influence with the means of technology. Technology drives the development of infrastructural civilizations. The prime target of technology applications has been a war machine which supports the main values of a given civilization. By-products of military applications of technology affect the civilian part of its infrastructure. Among eight infrastructural civilizations, one can recognize the Sinic Civilization 2000 BCE, the Hindu Civilization 600 BCE, the Japanese Civilization 650 CE, the Western Civilization 800 CE, the Eastern Civilization 350 CE, the Buddhist Civilization 600 CE, the Islamic Civilization 632 CE, and the African Civilization since 1847 CE.
The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 7

Which of the following categories is considered as a human entity?

Religion

Language

Art

Society

Literature

Açıklama:

Religion, Language, Art and Literature are components of culture while society is a human entity.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 8

" A crosswhole-national entity, which removes states’ borders in a formal sense and in a sense of economic and political barriers" To which term does the definition above belong to?

A transnational community

Empire

Hegemonic power

A supra-national community

Political society

Açıklama:

A hegemonic power is a state, which dominates the world politically, militarily, economically, and scientifically.
An empire is a state of large size exercising political dominion over others, with or without latter’s consent.
A transnational community is a regional entity, which organizes itself against the challenges of the global economy
A political society is a multi-ethnic entity which evolves from a nation
A supra-national community is a crosswhole-national entity, which removes states’ borders in a formal sense and in a sense of economic and political barriers The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 9

I. A nation must share a common territory. II. A nation has a common language and culture. III. The concept of a nation began to emerge early in the 8th century. IV. The American and French Revolution played an important role in the emergence of the concept of a nation. Which of the following statements are correct about a nation?

I and II

II and IV

III and IV

I and IV

I, II and IV

Açıklama:

In the 19th century, just after the American Revolution (1775-1783) and the French Revolution (1789-99), the concept of a nation began to emerge. A Frenchman and an American no longer served a king but the French or American “nation” (patrie). A nation is an entity which has a common language, culture, memory of historic events, and “national consciousness.” It does not mean that the nation must share a common territory. This condition is applied toward a state rather than toward a nation. In this model, a state is a category of a power infrastructure. However, the state creates the nation. It means that emigrants from the nation-state may claim the origin of their nationality from the nation-state, which may be thousands of miles away.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 10

I. The Right of Man to Freedom and Reason II. The Historical Success of a Country’s Harmon III. The Ability of Man to Develop IV. The Law of Conscious Historical Evolution Which of the laws above are considered as the Grand Laws of World Civilization?

I and II

II and III

III and IV

I, II and III

I, II, III and IV

Açıklama:

From studies of the fate of the world in the last 6000 years, three rather important laws result:
1.The First Grand Law of the World Civilization is the Ability of Man to Develop.
2. The Second Grand Law of the World Civilization is the Right of Man to Freedom and Reason
3. The Third Grand Law of the World Civilization is the Law of Conscious Historical Evolution
4. The Fourth Grand Law of the World Civilization is the Historical Success of a Country’s Harmony

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 11

Which of the following philosophers published a book on The Decline of the West?

Masaki Miyaki

Fukuzawa Yukichi

Oswald Spengler

Arnold Toynbee

Pitirim Sorokin

Açıklama:

A German philosopher Oswald Spengler (1880-1936) published a book on The Decline of the West, 1918-22, where he reflects the pessimistic atmosphere in Germany after World War I.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 12

Which of the following authors defined civilization as "comforts man physically and elevates him spiritually"?

Masaki Miyaki

Fukuzawa Yukichi

Oswald Spengler

Arnold Toynbee

Pitirim Sorokin

Açıklama:

Fukuzawa Yukichi (1835-1901) in Japan, defined it as follows: “civilization comforts man physically and elevates him spiritually…Civilization advances the well-being and dignity of man, since man acquires these benefits through knowledge and virtue.”

Doğru Cevap: B

Which of the following factors is under entertaining culture?

Art

Literature

Music

Technology

Knowledge

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 18

Which of the following factors is under diffusing culture?

Art

Literature

Customs

Education

Technology

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 19

Which of the following is under human entity?

Individual

Religion

Political

Societal

Economic

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 20

Which of the following is under strategizing culture?

Language

Mediated communication

Customs

Religion

Music

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 21

Which of the following scholars defines civilization as “a product; historical; including ideas, patterns, and values; selective; learned, based upon symbols, and an abstraction from behavior and the product of behavior”?

Kroeber

Braudel

Sokorin

Koneczny

Toynbee

Açıklama:

Kroeber defines civilization as “a product; historical; including ideas, patterns, and values; selective; learned, based upon symbols, and an abstraction from behavior and the product of behavior”. Thus, the correct answer is the option A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 22

I. Society
II. Language
III. Culture
IV. Infrastructure
V. Chiefdom
Which of the elements above constitute the internal system of civilization?

I, II and III

II, IV and V

I, III and IV

III, IV and V

I, II and V

Açıklama:

The correct answer is C in that society (I), culture (III) and infrastructure (IV) constitute the elements of internal system of civilization.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 23

Who defines civilization as ‘a process rather than a temporarily stabilized construct’?

Sokorin

Braudel

Miyaki

Kroeber

Yukichi

Açıklama:

Braudel defines civilization as ‘a process rather than a temporarily stabilized construct’. Thus, the correct answer is the option B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 24

I. It is a cross-whole-national entity.
II.It removes states’ borders in a sense of economic and political barriers.
III. European Union is an example of this entity.
What kind of a community does have these features above?

Spherical

Political

Transnational

Supra-national

Global

Açıklama:

Supra-national community has these features indicated in I, II, and III options in the question. Therefore, the correct answer is the option D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 25

Which of the following is the most recent civilization?

Virtual

Mesopotamian

American

Minoan

Eastern

Açıklama:

It is mentioned in the course book that during the last 6000 years, about 29 civilizations were developed and transformed into 9-10 major civilizations today. These civilizations are Chinese, Hindu, Japanese, Buddhist, African, Western, Eastern, Islamic, and Global and just emerging Virtual (Targowski 2015). Thus, the correct answer is the just emerging and the recent Virtual civilization. The correct option is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 26

Which of the Grand Laws of the World Civilization emphasizes a sphere of conscious culture that directs the rest of the spheres of social life?

First Grand Laws of the World Civilization

Second Grand Laws of the World Civilization

Third Grand Laws of the World Civilization

Fourth Grand Laws of the World Civilization

Fifth Grand Laws of the World Civilization

Açıklama:

Third Grand Laws of the World Civilization stresses a sphere of conscious culture that directs the rest of the spheres of social life. Thus, the correct answer is the option C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 27

Which of the following attributes is the main concern of human struggle and is emphasized by the Second Grand Law of World Civilization?

Political and Social Harmony

Ability to develop

Conscious Historical Evolution

Ideas and Values

Freedom and Reason

Açıklama:

The Second Grand Law of the World Civilization is the Right of Man to Freedom and Reason. People constantly aim for freedom; the range of this freedom and reason depends on the level of a nation’s knowledge, communication ability and the knowledge of the international community. Considering this, the correct answer is Freedom and Reason and the option E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 28

Which of the following attributes is not included in the composite definition of civilization?

Cycle-driven

Technology-driven

Autonomous fuzzy reification

Small society

Communication driven

Açıklama:

Civilization is not small but a large society living in an autonomous fuzzy reification which is not a part of a larger one. Thus, the correct answer is given in the option D. All the other options are included in the composite definition of civilization.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 29

________ is a society of calm and stagnation or perhaps even the beginning of civilization death.

Utopia

Spherical community

Chiefdom

Orientation

Transnationalism

Açıklama:

Utopia is a society of calm and stagnation or perhaps even the beginning of civilization death. At first glance it seems to be a desired state of the world civilization but it may just be its end. Thus, the correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 30

Which of the following term-definition matchings is FALSE?

Hegemonic power - State dominating the world politically, scientifically, economically and militarily

Superpower - State having a politically powerful military arsenal with atomic bombs

Transnational community - Regional entity organizing itself against the challenges of global economy

Political society - Multi-ethnic entity evolving from a nation

Felipe Fernandez-Armesto

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 64

What is the term used to define how technology surrounds culture?

Techography

Technology

Techculture

Technophony

Technopoly

Açıklama:

We, who live today, feel a strong presence of technology in our modus operandi; hence, technology can be considered as one of those world Figure 1.3 One of Wallerstein’s books, Historical Capitalism. The Civilization Approach to Human Development systems. Neil Postman (1993) even insists that we live in “technopoly”, which surrounds culture with technology.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 65

What does BCE stand for?

Before Common Era

Before Christian Era

Bold Christians’ Era

Bold Common Era

Before Current Energy

Açıklama:

BCE stands for “Before Common Era,” or “Before Current Era.”

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 66

Which one of the following is the first autonomous civilization?

Indus

Mesopotamian

Sinic

Beriberi-Carthigianian

Andean

Açıklama:

The first autonomous civilization was the Mesopotamian Civilization (including Sumerian), which emerged in the valley of Euphrates-Tigris rivers in the Middle East, about 4,000 BCE.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 67

Among sixteen cultural civilizations, which one of the following is not listed?

The Egyptian Civilization

The Sinic Civilization

The Mesopotamian Civilization

The Hindu Civilization

The Roman Civilization

Açıklama:

Cultural civilizations are the ones that have applied religion as the main tool of cultural control. Thus Mesopotamian civilization is not listed among sixteen cultural civilizations. The listed cultural civilizations are : Among cultural civilizations one can recognize
about 16 cases, such as:
• the Egyptian Civilization 3100 BCE,
• the Minoan 2700 BCE,
• the Sinic Civilization 2000 BCE,
• the Mycenae Civilization 1500 BCE,
• the Canaanite Civilization 1100 BCE,
• the Hellenic Civilization 750 BCE,
• the Hindu Civilization 600 BCE,
• the Hellenistic Civilization 323 BCE
• the Roman Civilization 31 BCE,
• the Eastern Civilization 350 CE,
• the Ethiopian Civilization 400 CE,
• the Buddhist Civilization 600 CE,
• the Islamic Civilization 632 CE.
• the Sub-Saharan Civilization 800 CE,
• the Western Civilization 800 CE,
• the Maghrebian Civilization 1000 CE

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 68

Which group of civilizations is different from others in terms of culture?

Roman, Sinic, Hindu

Hellenic, Roman, Islamic

Sub-saharan, Western

Egyptian, Hittite, and Japanese

Western, Sinic, Hindu

Açıklama:

In most autonomous civilizations one can differentiate more than one culture, except for the Egyptian, Hittite, and Japanese Civilizations, which are monocultural.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 69

Which of the below category cannot go under culture component of civilization?

Strategizing

Diffusing

Enlightening

Entertaining

Core

Açıklama:

Since the core category is found under infrastructure, it is not one of the components of culture.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 70

i.Civilisation is a physical comfort for man
ii.Civilisation elevates man spiritually
iii.Civilisation increases the well being of man.
iv.Civilisation causes moral values to change
Which of the ideas above belong to Yukichi?

İ-ii-iii

İ-ii-iv

İi-iii-iv

İii-iv

İ-iii-iv

Açıklama:

Early approaches to defining civilisation
According to Yukich Civilisation is a physical comfort for man, Civilisation elevates man spiritually and increases the well being of man.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 71

According to Alfred Louis Kroeber, which of the following statements best reflects his definition of culture?

Culture is an innate biological instinct shared across all human societies.

Culture emerges only through written records and formal education.

Culture is identical in all regions and unchanging over time.

Culture is a historical product that includes ideas, patterns, and values, and is learned through symbols.

Culture is based on technological advancement and political power.

Açıklama:

This matches Kroeber’s definition of culture, which emphasizes that culture is a product, is historical, includes ideas, patterns, and values, is selective, learned, symbol-based, and is an abstraction from behavior.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 72

Which of the following is NOT part of Alfred Louis Kroeber’s understanding of culture?

Culture is learned.

Culture is a historical product.

Culture is based on symbols.

Culture is an inherited biological instinct.

Culture includes ideas, values, and patterns.

Açıklama:

Alfred Louis Kroeber explicitly defines culture as something that is learned, symbol-based, and historical, involving ideas, patterns, and values. He does not consider culture to be a biological instinct-in fact, his definition emphasizes that it is not innate, but acquired through social and symbolic learning.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 73

Which of the following is the first autonomous civilisation in the middle east?

Mesopotamian

Syrian

Iraquian

Anatolian

Mexican

Açıklama:

Emergence of civilisation
The first autonomous civilization was the Mesopota mian Civilization (including Sumerian), which emerged in the valley of Euphrates-Tigris rivers in the Middle East, about 4,000 BCE.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 74

Which of the following is the first autonomous civilisation in the far east?

Indus

Mesopotamian

Syrian

Iraquian

Anatolian

Açıklama:

Types of civilisation 10
the first autonomous civilisation in the far east is : Indus

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 75

6. i.İnternal structure ii.Family formation iii.Food production iv.Exchangeable services
Which of the above were the threats for societal civilisations?

. İ-ii

İ-iii

İi-iii

İi-iv

İii-iv

Açıklama:

İnternal structure and Family formation were the threats for societal civilisations.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 76

"Cultural manipulation manage the societal civilizations when they evolve into more complex entities".
What type of civilisation is explained above?

The Cultural civilisation

The Societal civilization

The infrastructural civilization

The monocultural civilization

The Mycenae civilization

Açıklama:

Types of civilisations 11
As societal civilizations evolved into more complex entities, cultural manipulation managed them. We will name this type of autonomous civilization the cultural civilization. By culture, we understand a value and symbolsdriven patterned behavior of a human entity.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 77

i. Egyptian
ii. Hittite
iii. Buddhist
iv.roman
v. Japanese
Which of the above are among monocultural autonomous civilisations?

İ-ii-v

İi-iii-v

i-İii-iv

İ-ii-iv

İii-iv-v

Açıklama:

i. Egyptian ii. Hittite v. Japanese are among monocultural autonomous civilisations?

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 78

"……………… is a regional entity, which organizes itself against the challenges of the global economy".
Which of the following correctly fills the blank in the sentence above?

A transnational community

A superpower

A political society

An advanced society

A chiefdom

Açıklama:

Civilizing society and the types of human entity 14
transnational community fills the blank in the sentence above?

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 79

Which of the following is the first autonomous civilization?

Egyptian civilization

Mesopotamian civilization

Indu civilization

Roman civilization

Anatolian cvilization

Açıklama:

The first autonomous civilization was the Mesopotamian civilization (including Sumerians).

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 80

Which of the following is one of the early autonomous civilizations in South America?

Indus civilization

Sinic civilization

Andean civilization

Beriberi-Carthaginian civilization

Sumerian

Açıklama:

Andean civilization is one of the early autonomous civilizations in South America.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 81

Civilizations in which the society provided exchangeable and specialized services such as food production, house building, road construction, transportation, health care, and so forth which led to the formation of cities are called ...............................
Which of the following correctly fills the blank in the sentence above?

societal civilizations

cultural civilizations

environmental civilizations

religious civilizations

infrastructural civilization

Açıklama:

The defined civilization is the societal civilization in which the so-called services and growing human communication led towards the formation of cities.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 82

I. Religious and military forces civilized the society and moved it into higher levels of organization.
II. Its purpose is to expand spheres of influence with the means of technology.
III. It has applied the religion as the main tool of cultural control.
IV. The main purpose is to provide specialized services such as health care and transportation.
Which of the above is/are true about cultural civilizations?

Only II

I and III

Only III

II and IV

I-II and IV

Açıklama:

Statements I and III are true about cultural civilizations.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 83

Which of the following is an example to monocultural civilizations?

The Minoan civilization

The Buddhist civilization

The Hellenic civilization

The Japanese civilization

The Roman civilization

Açıklama:

The Japanese civilization is a monocultural civilization whereas the others include multicultural elements.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 84

Which of the following defines the technology-driven additive process of acquiring and applying materials through civilization and beyond?

Society

Culture

Infrastructure

Civilization

Community

Açıklama:

Infrastructure is the technology-driven additive process of acquiring and applying materials through civilization and beyond.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 85

..........................an organized group of people on the same territory to support their own existence through the exchange of specialized, civilizational services. The society shares a common interest and responds to challenges.
Which of the following correctly fills the blank in the sentence above?

Tribe

Transnational community

Chiefdom

Advanced society

Spherical community

Açıklama:

An advanced society is an organized group of people on the same territory to support their own existence through the exchange of specialized, civilizational services. This type of society shares a common interest and responds to challenges.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 86

....................is an entity of several nations from the same civilization. Examples of this entity are three states, U.S., Canada, and Mexico that are united by the NAFTA (The North American Free Trade Agreement) treaty.
Which of the following correctly fills the blank in the sentence above?

The global society

A supra-national community

A spherical community

A political society

A hegemonic power

Açıklama:

The defined concept is a spherical community.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 87

Which of the following attributes of a composite definition of civilization belongs to its cultural system?

Religion, wealth and power

Urban infrastructure

A society in an extended area or period

A society specialized in the same labor

A civilization arising and falling over time

Açıklama:

Religion, wealth and power are among the attributes that belong to the cultural system of civilization.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 88

Which of the following is the consequence of the violation of the fourth law of civilization "the Historical Success of a Country’s Harmony"?

The members of the country will lose their freedom.

There will be chaos followed by a collapse.

The members of the country will migrate.

There will be a democratic system composed of multicultural entities.

There will be a decline in technological developments.

Açıklama:

When the fourth law is violated there will be a chaos and eventually a collapse as in the example of Poland.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 89

Which researcher argues that "civilization comforts man physically and elevates him spiritually"?

Fukuzawa Yukichi

Masaki Miyaki

Oswald Spengler

Arnold Toynbee

Pitirim Sorokin

Açıklama:

Fukuzawa Yukichi (1835-1901) in Japan, defined civilization as follows: “civilization comforts man physically and elevates him spiritually…Civilization advances the well-being and dignity of man, since man acquires these benefits through knowledge and virtue.”

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 90

Which scholar argued that "in the Knowledge Society, people look mostly for artificial intelligence in profit-driven data mining and robotics, and they neglect moral values of natural intelligence"?

Fukuzawa Yukichi

Masaki Miyaki

Oswald Spengler

Arnold Toynbee

Pitirim Sorokin

Açıklama:

Masaki Miyaki (2004) argued that in “the Knowledge Society, people look mostly for artificial intelligence in profit-driven data mining and robotics, and they neglect moral values of natural intelligence."

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 91

Which scholar insisted that civilizations are independent from external influences and predicted a phase of “Caesarism” in the future development of Western Culture?

Fukuzawa Yukichi

Masaki Miyaki

Oswald Spengler

Arnold Toynbee

Pitirim Sorokin

Açıklama:

Oswald Spengler (1880-1936) published a book on The Decline of the West, 1918-22, where he reflects the pessimistic atmosphere in Germany after World War I. Spengler maintained that history has a natural development, in which every culture is a distinct organic form that grows, matures, and decays. He insisted that civilizations are independent from external influences. He predicted a phase of “Caesarism” in the future development of Western Culture, which he believed was in its last stage.

Doğru Cevap: C

Which of the following is not an innovation of the Mesopotamian Civilization?

Planting of the first cereal crops

The development of cuneiform script

Mathematics

Astronomy

Agriculture

Açıklama:

The Mesopotamian Civilization brought forth some of the most important developments in human history. The innovations of these industrious people included (quizlet.com):

the invention of the wheel,

the planting of the first cereal crops,

the development of cursive script,

mathematics,

astronomy, and

agriculture

Except for the option B which is related to Hittites, an Anatolian Civilization, the rest are related to Mesopotamian Civilization

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 13

Which of the following was the first civilization that recorded their system of law?

The Akkadians

The Assyrians

The Babylonians

The Sumerians

The Persians

Açıklama:

The Babylonians (2004-1595 BCE and 625-539 BCE) established the city of Babylon, which became the most influential city in Mesopotamia. At times the Babylonians would form vast empires that ruled much of the Middle East. The Babylonians were the first to record their system of law.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 14

Which of the following is the god of heaven in Sumerian belief?

Enlil

Enki

Polytheistic pantheon

Açıklama:

There were many myths and legends about these gods and goddesses. Sumerian religion evolved out of a polytheistic pantheon whose principal deities were the god of air (Enlil), water (Enki), earth (Ki), and heaven (An). There were also gods of the sun, moon, and planets, of rivers, lakes, winds, even personal gods.
Enlil (god of air)
Enki (god of water)
Ki (god of earth)
Polytheistic pantheon

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 15

Which of the following is not a category of a complex arrangement of freedom and dependence which the Sumerian society based on?

Nobles

Free clients of the nobility

Commoners

Slaves

Teachers

Açıklama:

Sumerian society was based on a complex arrangement of freedom and dependence. It was divided in four categories: S 31

Nobles,

Free clients of the nobility,

Commoners, and

Slaves.

Except for the option in E, the rest are categories of a complex arrangement of freedom and dependence which the Sumerian society based on

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 16

What is the most remarkable importance of Code of Hammurabi for mankind?

The first important set of laws was fashioned by Hammurabi

There were 282 laws in Hammurabi’s code

They covered everything that seemed likely to be important

The Code of Hammurabi seems brutal by our standards

it was the beginning of mankind’s attempt to codify law. The other options reflect its features

Açıklama:

The first important set of rules or code of laws was fashioned by Hammurabi, the King of Babylon around 2000 BCE. They were 282 laws in Hammurabi’s code and they covered everything that seemed likely to be important. There were laws on witchcraft, robbery, buying and selling, hiring, debt, inheritance, divorce, adoption, rates of wages, and compensation for loss or injury.
The Code of Hammurabi seems brutal by our standards, but it was the beginning of mankind’s attempt to codify law.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 17

Who developed the first form of writing in Mesopotamian Civilization?

Babylonians

Persians

Assyrians

Sumerians

Akkadians

Açıklama:

Among their stupendous achievements is the fact that the ancient Sumerians developed the first form of writing; that clearly constitutes the greatest contribution of Mesopotamian Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 18

Which of the following is related to art and craftsmanship of Mesopotamian Civilization?

Sumerians began to use picture symbols marked into clay tablets to keep their records

Boxing and wrestling feature frequently in art

Sumerians made jewelry and small statues from gold and lapis

Mesopotamian society was ruled by a ‘council of elders

Most people were buried in family graves under their houses

Açıklama:

The people of Sumer, who lived in southern Mesopotamia, “worked in gold and lapis as well as clay and wood. They made jewelry and small statues from gold and lapis. They also built intricate chairs from wood and reeds. They made musical instruments. They made unbelievable pottery, samples of which are depicted below. And they made mosaics.
Sumerians began to use picture symbols marked into clay tablets to keep their records (writing)
Boxing and wrestling feature frequently in art (games)
Mesopotamian society was ruled by a ‘council of elders’ (family life)
Most people were buried in family graves under their houses (Burials)

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 19

Which of the following is not feature of the Diagnostic Handbook?
.

It introduced the concepts of diagnosis, prognosis, physical examination, and prescriptions

Religous clerks checked the patients

It introduced the methods of therapy and etiology

It contains a list of medical symptoms and often detailed empirical observations

It contained detailed empirical observations

Açıklama:

Except for the option in B, the rest are related to Diagnostic Handbook. Medicine was advanced by the Babylonians, who introduced the concepts of diagnosis, prognosis, physical examination, and prescriptions. “In addition, the Diagnostic Handbook introduced the methods of therapy and etiology and the use of empiricism, logic, and rationality in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. The text contains a list of medical symptoms and often detailed empirical observations, along with logical rules used in combining observed symptoms on the body of a patient with its diagnosis and prognosis” (Lindh, 2017).

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 20

Which of the following is not an innovative component of the irrigation systems in Mesopotamia?

River flow

Canals

Gated ditches

Levees

Gates

Açıklama:

Except for the option in A, the rest are related to the irrigation systems in Mesopotamia. The irrigation systems in Mesopotamia, unlike those of more modern vintage, had several major innovative components: canals, gated ditches, levees, and gates.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 21

The Mesopotamian Civilization is thought to be the founding civilization in world history. That is, its first settlers ........ BCE stand out as the earliest, surely in the Western world, to form a civilization.

4500 BCE

500 BCE

4000 BCE

5000 BCE

5500 BCE

Açıklama:

The Mesopotamian Civilization is thought to be the founding civilization in world history. That is, its first settlers (5000 BCE) stand out as the earliest, surely in the Western world, to form a civilization.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 22

When will the developed cities start in Mesopotamia?

500 BCE

440 BCE

4000 BCE

5000 BCE

3000 BCE

Açıklama:

Advanced cities (commencing at 4000 BCE),

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 23

What was the religious belief of the people of Mesopotamia?

They were Muslims

They only believed in nature

They were atheists

They believed in Gods and Goddesses

They were irreligious

Açıklama:

The people of Mesopotamia believed that the universe was controlled by gods and goddesses who had to be obeyed and worshipped with prayers and offerings.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 24

Which civilization did not exist in Mesopotamia?

Sumerian

Assyria and Babylon

Akkadian

Elam

Aboriginals

Açıklama:

Aboriginals lived in Australia

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 25

Which laws were applied in Sumerian society?

Code of Hammurabi

Urgakina Laws

Code of Civil Rights

Egyptian Laws

Nature laws

Açıklama:

Sumerian society was based on a complex
arrangement that combined freedom with
its opposite, dependence. It was ruled by law
(developed by Hammurabi) and ready for frequent
wars.

Doğru Cevap: A

Which one below is not one of the innovations made by the people of Mesopotamia?

The invention of the wheel

Planting of the first cereal crops

Mathematics

Astrology

Agriculture

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 35

What does Al-Jazirah mean in English?

The Moon

The Book

The River

The Lake

The Island

Açıklama:

During their middle courses they gradually approach each other, as a result forming the boundaries of a triangle of mainly barren limestone land known as Al-Jazīrah (Arabic: “The Island”) in eastern Turkey, northern Iraq, and extreme northeastern Syria. This “island” has fertile soil. It was the early magnet for the settlers.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 36

Which civilization was formed after Sumerians?

Akkadians

Babylonians

Assyrians

Persians

Greeks

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: A

The Sumerian god Enki was the god of …

water

earth

air

sun

heaven

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 44

Which of the following is false about ziggurats?

The base could be rectangular, oval or square.

The core was built of adobe - sun-dried bricks.

They were places where public acts and ceremonies were held.

They were considered the dwellings of gods.
.

Seven levels represented the seven skies or planes of existence.

Açıklama:

The ziggurats were not a place where public acts or ceremonies were performed, but were considered the dwelling place of the gods. Thanks to the ziggurat, people could be close to the gods. Each city had its own god or goddess, and the priests of that city had access to the interior of the ziggurat. There, attended to the needs of the gods, which made the priests a powerful element of society. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 45

Around when did Hammurabi develop the first code of laws?

1000 BCE

2000 BCE

3000 BCE

4000 BCE

5000 BCE

Açıklama:

The first important set of rules or code of laws was fashioned by Hammurabi, the King of Babylon around 2000 BCE. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 46

What was the punishment for a person who was caught committing robbery according to Hammurabi’s laws?

Paying two shekels of silver

Putting him to death

Cutting off his hand

Paying ten shekels for the loss

Knocking off his teeth

Açıklama:

According to Hammurabi’s laws, if anyone is committing robbery and is caught, then he shall be put to death. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 47

What was the original reason for the development of writing in Sumerians?

To record business transactions

To provide education for all citizens

To keep track of religious ceremonies

To record major historical events

To make cultural information exchanges

Açıklama:

As Sumerian towns grew into cities, the people needed a way to keep track of business transactions, ownership rights, and government records. Around 3300 BCE the Sumerians began to use picture symbols marked into clay tablets to keep their records. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 48

Which of the following contributed to the time units we use today?

The invention of the wheel

The use of irrigation canals for agriculture

The creation of cities and urbanization

The domestication of some animals

The use of sexagesimal numeral system

Açıklama:

Mathematics and science were based on a sexagesimal (base 60) numeral system. This is the source of the contemporary 60-minute hour, the 24-hour day, and the 360-degree circle. The Sumerian calendar was based on a seven-day week. Mesopotamian astronomers worked out a 12-month calendar based on the cycles of the moon. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 49

Which was the most common practice about the family members who died?

They were cremated and their ash was preserved in a jar.

They were buried in family graves under their houses.

They were left into the river on a boat with possessions.

They were buried in common graveyards under ziggurats.

They were buried under big piles of earth called tumulus.

Açıklama:

In the city of Ur, most people were buried in family graves under their houses, along with some possessions. A few of the deceased have been found wrapped in mats and carpets. Deceased children were put in big jars or urns, which were placed in the family chapel. Other remains have been found buried in common city graveyards. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 50

Which choice is correct about the order of the domination of Mesopotamia by different people?

Akkadians - Sumerians - Persians - Assyrians - Babylonians

Sumerians - Assyrians - Akkadians - Persians - Babylonians

Persians - Assyrians - Babylonians - Akkadians - Sumerians

Sumerians - Akkadians - Babylonians - Assyrians - Persians

Babylonians - Persians - Assyrians - Sumerians - Akkadians

Açıklama:

The Mesopotamian Civilization was the first complex civilization. There followed on the same ground the following people who dominated this civilization’s development, activities, and fall and built subsequent ones. The Sumerians (5000-2300 BCE) were the first humans known to form a civilization. The Akkadians (2334 - 2193 BCE) came next. Then the Babylonians (2004-1595 BCE and 625-539 BCE) established the city of Babylon, which became the most influential city in Mesopotamia and they dominated the territory. The Assyrians (870-612 BCE) came from the northern part of Mesopotamia. They were a warrior society. They also reigned much of the Middle East at different periods over the history of Mesopotamia. The Persians (539-323 BCE) laid an end to the rule of the Assyrians and the Babylonians. They conquered much of the Middle East including Mesopotamia. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 51

Which of the following are among the characteristics of the mesopotamian cities? i. Specialized workers ii. complex institutions iii. Keeping written records iv. improved technology

İ-ii-iii-iv

İ-ii

İii-iv

İ-ii-iv

İi-iii-iv

Açıklama:

There were Specialized workers, complex institutions and improved technology in mesopotamian cities and written records were kept.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 52

2. Which of the following ideas explain neolithic age? i. Starting of Agriculture ii. Domestication of Dog iii. Domestication of Goat iv. Increase in Hunting v.No permanent settlement

a. İ-ii-iii

b. İi-iii-iv

c. İii-iv-vd

d. İ-iv-v

e. İi-ii-iv

Açıklama:

They had permanent settlement so tey could Start Agriculture and Domesticate Dog and Goat. as a result the hunting act decreased.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 53

3. Which of the following are among the contributions of Mesopotamian civilization? i. invention of the Wheel ii. Cultivation of cereals iii.improvements in mathematics iv.improvements in astronomy

a. i-ii-iii-iv

b. i-ii-iii

c. ii-iii-iv
d. i-ii-iv
e. i-ii

d. i-ii-iv

e. i-ii

Açıklama:

All of them (i. -ii -iii -iv) were among the contributions.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 54

What did the people living in Mesopotamia use to build houses?

Mud brick

Stone

Wood

Cement

Marble

Açıklama:

They used mud brick.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 55

5. Which of the following explain ziggurats? i. It was a place where public ceremonies were performed. ii. It was a home for the gods and goddesses. iii. Priests had access into these places iv. They were considered as cosmic axis betweeen heaven and earth.

a. İi.iii.iv

b. İi.iii

c. İ-ii

d. İ-ii-iii

e. İii-iv

Açıklama:

It was not a place for public so ii-iii-iv are correct.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 56

6. Which of the following statements explain the categories of Sumerian society?
i. Nobles were the group consisting of king and his family, the chief priest and high place officers ii. Clients were free men and women who were dependant on nobility. iii. Clients received large amounts of land in return for their labor. iv. Commoners were free citizens who were dependent on nobility. v. Commoners had a voice in political affairs.

a. İ-ii-v

b. İ-ii-iv-v

c. İii-iv-v

d. İi-iii-iv

e.İ-iv-v

Açıklama:

the correct options are : Nobles were the group consisting of king and his family, the chief priest and high place officers and Clients were free men and women who were dependant on nobility and Commoners had a voice in political affairs.
the wrong points are: Clients received large amounts of land in return for their labor (they received small priors of land) and Commoners were free citizens who were dependent on nobility (they were independent of mobility).

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 57

7. Which of the following are true about Hammurabi and his laws? i. One of his chief concerns was that every wrong act should be punished. ii. He made 282 laws. iii. Laws about witchcraft , robbery, buying and selling were among the laws he made. iv. What is important about Hammurabi laws is that though they seem brutal they are the first of mankind’s attempts to codify law. v.According to him the man who suffered should not be paid.

a. İ-ii-iii-iv

b. İ-ii-iii

c. İi-iii-iv-v

d. İ-ii-iii-iv -v

e. İii-iv-v

Açıklama:

i. One of his chief concerns was that every wrong act should be punished. ii. He made 282 laws. iii. Laws about witchcraft , robbery, buying and selling were among the laws he made. iv. What is important about Hammurabi laws is that though they seem brutal they are the first of mankind’s attempts to codify law. the wrong one is : v.According to him the man who suffered should not be paid, because he gave importance to paying the one who suffered.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 58

8. Which of the following statements are true for Assyrians? i. They were considered to be among the first superpowers of the ancient world. ii. The cities within the borders of their land were Ninevah,Ashur,Ardabil. iii. They had effective and well organized military system iv. Their military system was like the later Romans.

a. İ-ii-iii-iv

b. İ-ii

c. İii-iv

d. İi-iv

e. İ-ii-iii

Açıklama:

All of the four statements are true for assrians.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 59

9. Which of the following is true for sumerian writing system? i. The initial writing of Sumerians used pictures and pictograms ii. Their writing was cuneiform writing. iii. The Sumerian system of writing was used for a short period in Mesopotamia.
iv. This writing system did not include signs for numbers

a. İ-ii

b. İi-iii

c. İii-iv

d. İ-iii

e. İi-iv

Açıklama:

statements iii and iv are NOT correct because sumerian writing lasted very long and it consisted signs for numbers.
Correct answer is (i-ii).

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 60

10. Which of the following explain the infrastructure of Mesopotamian civilization?
i. Urban planning was developed. ii. Major cities had stone- paved streets.
iii. Wheel was first used for transpotation. iv. Canal system was underdeveloped
v. World’s first boats were built.

a. İ-ii-iii-v

b. İ-ii-iii-iv

c. İi-iii-iv

d. İi-iv

e. İ-iv

Açıklama:

i. Urban planning was developed. ii. Major cities had stone- paved streets.
iii. Wheel was first used for transpotation.
v. World’s first boats were built. These were the characteristics of the infra structure but not iv. Canal system was underdeveloped because they could sail their boats along the canals and carried out trade.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 61

I. Advanced Cities II. Democratic system III. Complex institutions IV. Improved technology Which of the above is/are true about the Mesopotamian Civilization?

Only I

Only II

I-II and III

I-III and IV

III and IV

Açıklama:

Statements I-III and IV are true about the Mesopotamian Civilization

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 62

I. Advanced irrigation system
II. Record keeping in writing
III. Developed infrastructure
IV. System of time calculation
Which of the above is/are true about the Mesopotamian Civilization that makes it special for the study of world civilizations?

Only I

Only III

I and IV

II and III

I-II-III and IV

Açıklama:

All the statements are true facts about the Mesopotamian Civilization that makes it special for the study of civilizations.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 63

Which of the following can be considered as the official beginning of civilization?

Foundation of the cities of Ur and Lagash by the Sumerians.

Cultivation of grains such as wheat and barley by the Akkadians.

Domestication of the dog and the goat by the Babylonians.

Development of the writing systems by the Persians that made it possible to record history.

Advancement of agriculture by Assyrians which helped to find a good climate and productive soil.

Açıklama:

Foundation of the cities of Ur and Lagash by the Sumerians marked the official beginning of civilization

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 64

I. Invention of the wheel
II. Invention of the sun clock
III. Mathematics
IV. Astronomy
Which of the above is/are among the innovations of the Mesopotamian Civilization?

Only I

Only III

I-III and IV

II and III

I and IV

Açıklama:

Statements I-III and IV are among the innovations of the Mesopotamian Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 65

Which of the following indicates the geographical boundary of the Mesopotamian Civilization?

The region between the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea.

The lands between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers.

The lands from the Eastern Anatolia to the Persian Sea.

The region between the Nile and the Persian Gulf.

The lands covering the Caspian Sea and the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.

Açıklama:

The lands between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers mark the geographical boundary of the Mesopotamian Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 66

I. People feared the flood
II. Clay was used as a primary building material
III. People dwelled into a nomadic culture for food
IV. Fish was the major component of people's diet
Which of the above is/are the consequences of the foundation of the Mesopotamian Civilization between the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers?

Only I

Only III

I-II and III

I-II and IV

III and IV

Açıklama:

Statements I-II and IV indicate the consequences of the foundation of the Mesopotamian Civilization between the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 67

Which of the following is the warrior society that came from the northern part of Mesopotamia and ruled the region between 870-612 BCE?

Assyrians

Sumerians

Akkadians

Persians

Babylonians

Açıklama:

Assyrians were the warrior society that came from the northern part of Mesopotamia and ruled the region between 870-612 BCE.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 68

I. It has nine levels indicating levels in heaven and earth.
II. Uruk Temple is an example of it.
III. It is a temple devoted to gods and goddesses.
IV. It takes the form of a stepped pyramid.
Which of the above is/are true about the Ziggurat?

Only I

Only IV

I and II

II-III and IV

I and III

Açıklama:

Statements II-III and IV include true information about the ancient temple Ziggurat.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 69

I. Priests
II. Commoners
III. Slaves
IV. Nobles
Which of the above belong(s) to the categories of societal organization in the Mesopotamian Civilization?

Only I

Only III

II-III and IV

I and II

III and IV

Açıklama:

Statements II-III and IV define the categories of societal organization in the Mesopotamian Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 70

Which of the following is the Babylonian text that introduced the methods of therapy and etiology?

Hammurabi Laws

Diagnostic Handbook

Oriental Despotism

Dialogue of Pessimism

Etemenanki

Açıklama:

Diagnostic Handbook is the Babylonian text that introduced the methods of therapy and etiology.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 71

Which of the following civilizations has the earliest recorded system of law?

Greeks

Akkadians

Persians

Assyrians

Babylonians

Açıklama:

The Babylonians (2004-1595 BCE and 625-539 BCE) established the city of Babylon, which became the most influential city in Mesopotamia. At times the Babylonians would form vast empires that ruled much of the Middle East. The Babylonians were the first to record their system of law. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 72

Who were the first humans known to form a civilization?

Babylonians

Assyrians

Persians

Akkadians

Sumerians

Açıklama:

The Sumerians (5000-2300 BCE) were the first humans known to form a civilization. They invented city, government, and writing -- the frame of civilization. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 73

Who shaped the first united empire?

Babylonians

Assyrians

Persians

Akkadians

Sumerians

Açıklama:

The Akkadians (2334 - 2193 BCE) came next. They shaped the first united empire and thus the city-states of Sumer were united under one ruler. The Akkadian language replaced the Sumerian language during this time and later became the language of Mesopotamia. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 74

Where did the Sumerians found the cities of Ur and Lagash?

at the mouth of the Euphrates river,

in the Tigris-Euphrates valley,

in Mesopotamia,

in Ashur,

in Uruk,

Açıklama:

About 4000 BCE, the Sumerians founded the cities of Ur and Lagash, at the mouth of the Euphrates river. These constituted the largest cities in the world. Doğru yanıt " A " dır.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 75

Who were the first humans known to form a civilization?

The Akkadians,

The Babylonians,

The Sumerians,

The Assyrians,

The Persians,

Açıklama:

The Sumerians (5000-2300 BCE) were the first humans known to form a civilization. They invented city, government, and writing -- the frame of civilization. Doğru yanıt " C " dir.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 76

What is a ziggurat?

The people of Mesopotamia,

The centers of religious activities,

Most aspects of daily life,

A temple of ancient Mesopotamia,

The main purpose of life,

Açıklama:

A ziggurat is a temple of ancient Mesopotamia (they were built since 2000 BCE) that takes the form of a stepped pyramid or tower. Doğru yanıt " D " dir.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 77

Which one of the followings is not of the categories which was based on a complex arrangement of freedom and dependence in Sumerian society?

• Nobles,

• Free clients of the nobility,

• Commoners,

• Slaves,

• Complex society,

Açıklama:

Sumerian society was based on a complex arrangement of freedom and dependence. It was divided in four categories:
• Nobles,
• Free clients of the nobility,
• Commoners,
• Slaves. Doğru yanıt " E " dir.

Doğru Cevap: E

How many new civilizations are rising in the 21st century?

Açıklama:

After 6,000 years of world civilizational development, in the 21st century two new civilizations are rising:
• Global Civilization is transforming the Western Civilization and the global economy.
• Virtual Civilization is emerging as the extension of Global Civilization.
Doğru yanıt " E " dir.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 83

Which one is not one of the characteristics that set Sumer apart from earlier habitations?

Advanced cities

Specialized workers

Complex institutions

Story telling

Improved technology

Açıklama:

There are five key characteristics that set its city, Sumer, apart from earlier human habitations, according to the World History Library (library 07.com):
• Advanced cities (commencing at 4000 BCE),
• Specialized workers,
• Complex institutions,
• Record keeping in writing,
• Improved technology (the wheel).
The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 84

I. the invention of the wheel
II. the development of cursive script
III. the planting of the first cereal crops
IV. mathematics
Which one(s) above are among the innovations brought forth by the Mesopotamian Civilization?

III

I and II

I, II and III

I, II, III and IV

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 85

Which one below was the first to record their system of law?

Sumerians

Akkadians

Babylonians

Assyrians

Persians

Açıklama:

I. Mesopotamian society was ruled by a ‘council of elders’ in which men and women were equally represented, but over time, as the status of women fell, that of men increased.
II. Only royal offspring and sons of the rich and professionals, such as scribes, physicians, temple administrators, went to school.
III. Women in Mesopotamia did not have right. They couldn't own property or they couldn't get a divorce unless their husbands demand it.
Which statement(s) below can be said the Mesopotamian society?

III

I and II

I, II and III

Açıklama:

“Mesopotamian society was ruled by a ‘council of elders’ in which men and women were equally represented, but over time, as the status of women fell, that of men increased” (gutenberg.org). “As for schooling, only royal offspring and sons of the rich and professionals, such as scribes, physicians, temple administrators, went to school. Most boys were taught their father’s trade or were apprenticed out to learn a trade. Girls had to stay home with their mothers to learn housekeeping and cooking, and to look after the younger children. Some children would help with crushing grain or cleaning birds. Unusual for that time in history, women in Mesopotamia had rights. They could own property and, if they had good reason, get a divorce” (gutenberg.org; Harris, 2000).
The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 92

I.Urbanization
II. The wheel
III.Writing
IV. Astronomy
V. Irrigation
Which ones above come from the Mesopotamian Civilization?

I and III

I, II and III

II and IV

II, III and IV

I, II, III, IV and V

Açıklama:

Urbanization, the wheel, writing, astronomy, mathematics, wind power, irrigation, agricultural developments, animal farming, and the narratives which would eventually be re-written as the Hebrew Scriptures and form the Christian Old Testament - all these came from the land of Mesopotamia” (ancient.eu) (Also see Mark, 2009).
The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 93

Which of the following civilizations put an end to the rule of the Assyrians and the Babylonians?

Sumerians

Akkadians

Persians

Greeks

Mongolians

Açıklama:

The Persians (539-323 BCE) laid an end to the rule of the Assyrians and the Babylonians. They conquered much of the Middle East including Mesopotamia. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 94

Who developed the first form of writing?

Babylonians

Assyrians

Sumerians

Persians

Akkadians

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 95

Which of the following is false about the Mesopotamian society?

Men and women were equally represented in the ‘council of elders’.

Both boys and girls attended the school.

Children helped with crushing grain and cleaning birds.

Women had a right to get a divorce.

Women in Mesopotamia had rights and could own property.

Açıklama:

Mesopotamian society was ruled by a ‘council of elders’ in which men and women were equally represented, but over time, as the status of women fell, that of men increased” (gutenberg.org). “As for schooling, only royal offspring and sons of the rich and professionals, such as scribes, physicians, temple administrators, went to school. Most boys were taught their father’s trade or were apprenticed out to learn a trade. Girls had to stay home with their mothers to learn housekeeping and cooking, and to look after the younger children. Some children would help with crushing grain or cleaning birds. Unusual for that time in history, women in Mesopotamia had rights. They could own property and, if they had good reason, get a divorce” (gutenberg.org; Harris, 2000). The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 96

What is a ziggurat?

Transportation system

Temple building

Irrigation system

Agricultural tool

School of science

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 97

Which of the following statements about the "commoners" in Mesopotamian society is false?

They could rival the nobility in social status.

They were free citizens.

They were independent of the nobility.

They could sell their land.

They had a voice in the political affairs of the city.

Which one shaped the first united empire and united city-states under one ruler?

The Persian

The Babylonians

The Assyrians

The Akkadians

The Sumerians

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: D

Nobles
Free clients of the nobility
Commoners
Slaves

Which ones were among the categories the Mesopotamian Society of the Sumerians was based on?

I, II and III

I, III and IV

II, III and IV

I, II and IV

I, II, III and IV

Açıklama:

Sumerian society was based on a complex arrangement of freedom and dependence. It was divided in four categories: • Nobles, • Free clients of the nobility, • Commoners, and • Slaves.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 109

Which empire did Hammurabi, the first king to set a code of law in the history, reign over?

The Babylonians

The Sumerians

The Akkadians

The Persians

The Assyrians

Açıklama:

When the king of one city conquered others, he would want to make sure that all the people in all the cities knew what to do, how to act appropriately. He wanted them to follow the rules and live peacefully together. The first important set of rules or code of laws was fashioned by Hammurabi, the King of Babylon around 2000 BCE. They were 282 laws in Hammurabi’s code and they covered everything that seemed likely to be important. There were laws on witchcraft, robbery, buying and selling, hiring, debt, inheritance, divorce, adoption, rates of wages, and compensation for loss or injury

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 110

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic that sets Sumer apart from earlier human habitations?

Use of fire

Specialized workers

Complex institutions

Record keeping in writing

Improved technology (the wheel)

Açıklama:

There are five key characteristics that set its city, Sumer, apart from earlier human habitations, according to the World History Library (library 07.com):
• Advanced cities (commencing at 4000 BCE),
• Specialized workers,
• Complex institutions,
• Record keeping in writing, and
• Improved technology (the wheel).
Use of fire is not among these characteristics.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 111

Approximately when did people develop the knowledge of how to cultivate grains?

5000 BCE

6000 BCE

7000 BCE

8000 BCE

9000 BCE

Açıklama:

Sometime about 8,000 BCE, in what is now northern Iraq, people developed the knowledge of how to cultivate grains, which we know today as wheat and barley.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 112

When did the Sumerians begin to settle in the Tigris-Euphrates valley, where Iraq is located today?

5000 BCE

6000 BCE

7000 BCE

8000 BCE

9000 BCE

Açıklama:

In about 5000 BCE, a group of people called the Sumerians engaged in the search for a good climate and productive soil; they began to settle in the Tigris-Euphrates valley, where Iraq is located today.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 113

When did the Sumerians found the cities of Ur and Lagash?

3000 BCE

3500 BCE

4000 BCE

4500 BCE

5000 BCE

Açıklama:

About 4000 BCE, the Sumerians founded the cities of Ur and Lagash, at the mouth of the Euphrates river.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 114

Which of the following innovations is NOT among those introduced by the Mesopotamian Civilization?

The invention of the wheel

The development of cursive script

Mathematics

Astronomy

Trigonometry

Açıklama:

The Mesopotamian Civilization brought forth some of the most important developments in human history. The innovations of these industrious people included (quizlet.com):
• the invention of the wheel,
• the planting of the first cereal crops,
• the development of cursive script,
• mathematics,
• astronomy, and
• agriculture.
Trigonometry is NOT one of these innovations.Trigonometry was introduced by the Greeks. Hipparchus (c. 190-120 BCE) was the first to construct a table of values for a trigonometric function.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 115

Which of the following is not true regarding ancient Mesopotamian society?

Its genesis

Its uniqueness

Its roots in the Nile and the Rift Valley of Africa

Environmental determinism

Its longevity

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 18

Which one is not one of the Horus Kings?

Djoser

Pepi II

Sekemket

Pepe

Peripsen

Açıklama:

The Horus Kings were each identified with a particular god. Among these kings were Djoser, Pepi I, Pepi II, Sekemket, and
Peripsen.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 19

Which of the following cannot be among the criteria which describe Egyptian civilization?

language

Land

People

Culture

Religion

Açıklama:

We describe Egypt in terms of the land, people, culture, religion, and system of government.
Except for the option A, options in B, C, D, and E are the criteria which describe Egyptian civilization

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 20

Which of the following cannot be a term of habitat in terms of Egyptian civilization?

The fauna

The animal kingdom

Justice

The waterways

Socio economic and political systems

Açıklama:

Looked at from the geopolitical perspectives, African civilization gives a discernable thread of consistency that links geographic borders with civilizational factors. These civilizational factors are expressions of the habitat. The term habitat itself is a collective description embodying the human environment, their socio-economic and political systems, the fauna, the animal kingdom, the waterways, and the means of communication.
Except for the option C, the rest are related to habitat

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 21

Which of the following is an Africanist view that argue that ancient Egyptian Civilization was originated in Africa?

They look at African and Egyptian material civilization

They articulate their views with vocabulary items

They constitute cultural appropriation

They constitute intellectual oversight

They tend to rely on material facts

Açıklama:

Some scholars argue that ancient Egyptian Civilization originated in Africa. Often, they are referred to Africanists, Afro-centrists, and, in the opinion of some Western scholars, revisionists.

Africanists look at Egypt and tend to rely on material facts and let their research lead them to the objective outcomes of their research.

Afro-centrists also look at African and Egyptian material civilizations and articulate their views with vocabularies laced with ideology.

To deny that Egyptian civilization does not belong to Africa constitutes cultural appropriation. To deny that Egyptian civilization has not been influenced by other civilizations is intellectual oversight impaired by subjectivity.
Cultural appropriation and intellectual oversight or subjectivity are the critical controversies in the analysis of Egyptian civilization and its parental roots in Africa and in the Nile Valley, in particula
Options A and B are related to Afro-centrists
Options C and D are to deny that Egyptian civilization does not belong to Africa

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 22

Which of the following is not a common characteristics of Egyptologists?

They are unmatched for their energy

They are unmatched for their coherent outcomes

They are unmatched for their dedication

They are unmatched for their intellectual force

They are unmatched for their utility of research

Açıklama:

The study of Egyptology is a field of study that has inspired many intellectual positions with conflicting outcomes. These intellectual positions clash with each other and make knowledge a reflection of intellectual persuasion instead of scientifically objective and undeniable fact. Egyptologists have always been at the forefront of excellence in research. They are unmatched for their energy, dedication, intellectual force, and utility of research.
Except for the option B, the rest are common characteristics of Egyptologists

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 23

When the task of pyramid building was accelerated?

Islamic Egypt and the end of Egyptian Civilization: 642 to present

Greece and Roman civilizations in Egypt: 332 BCE - 641 CE

The Old Kingdom: 2686-2181 BCE

Early dynastic period: 3100-2650 BCE

Early Pre-dynasty Period: 5000 - 4500 BCE

Açıklama:

The gargantuan task of pyramid building took off during the Second, Third, and the Fourth Dynasties. These kings ruled between 2890-2560 BCE. They carried forward the task of building with added vitality and accelerated speed.
Early dynastic period: 3100-2650 BCE
The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 24

Which of the following is a common characteristics of Egyptian and Nubian civilizations?

Both have been greatly influenced by the civilizations of invaders

Both have been greatly influenced by the Assyrians

Both have been greatly influenced by the Persians

Both civilizations overlap in their material features

Both have been greatly influenced by the Hyksos (marginally)

Açıklama:

It is apparent that the Egyptian and Nubian civilizations overlap in their material features. Both also have been marginally, but not substantially, influenced by the civilizations of invaders, such as the Assyrians, the Persians, and the Hyksos. With respect to ancient Egypt, the only aspects of the Egyptian Civilization that have elements of outside influences were notable during the political intrusions from outside, such as Assyria, Hebrew/ Judaic, Hyksos, Persia, and the Greco-Roman incursions. S 56
The centuries when the Egyptian Civilization started to decline can be conclusively determined with the conquest of Alexander the Great. The Roman Empire injected its own values, but it was crippled and morally wounded in ways that paralyzed the glorious Egyptian Civilization. Islam delivered the terminal end of Egyptian civilization with the conquest of Islam between 639-43 A. D.
the ideas given in options A, B, C and E must be read as they have been marginally, not greatly influenced

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 25

Who was the youngest pharaoh of the Egyptian civilization?

Pepi II

Khaffa

Khufu

Menkaura

King Popy II

Açıklama:

The Sixth Dynasty began under a boy pharaoh, King Popy II. He started his rule at the age of six and ruled for 94 years.
The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 26

Which of the following is not an aspect of ancient Egyptian civilization?

Its genesis

Its uniqueness

Its roots in the Nile and the Rift Valley of Africa

Its longevity

Its untraditionality

Açıklama:

In broader perspectives, there are three aspects of Egyptian civilization that clearly identify its historical characteristics: Its genesis and uniqueness, Its roots in the Nile and the Rift Valley of Africa,
its longevity. The process of environmental stimulation and work innovation can be looked at from the perspectives of modernization and development theory. It is instructive to note that W. W. Rostow’s stages of modernization can be applied to the evolution of the recurrent Egyptian civilizations. In this case, the post-Neolithic era of Egyptian civilization can be identified as roughly resembling the traditional society (Rostow, 1960).
Its traditionality, genesis, uniqueness, roots in the Nile and the Rift Valley of Africa and longevity are aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 27

Which of the following is not a characteristics of pharaohs?

They impersonated themselves as divine gods

They were sophisticated in the art of leadership

They were outdated and unimaginative

They were inventive, innovative and visionary

They possessed an aura of legitimacy

Açıklama:

Among the pharaohs or rulers who impersonated themselves as divine gods were the Pre-dynasty and Early Dynasty pharaohs. These pharaohs planted the foundation for the subsequent Egyptian glory. They were sophisticated in the art of leadership as much as they were in all aspects of civil society. Most significantly, they were inventive, innovative, and visionary. They possessed an aura of legitimacy that was eventually institutionalized in a blend of political/secular and divine/sacred political culture. The political culture they generated endured for thousands of years until its indigenous elements were attenuated by the influences of Persian, Greek, Roman, and Islamic civilizations.
The next category of Egyptian Pharaohs were the mighty builders. These kings took advantage of the blueprint that the Founders have bequeathed them and they made the best of their forefathers’ wisdom and excelled, to the pride of their ancestors. They called themselves the Horus Kings,
except for the option C, the rest are common characteristics of pharaohs

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 28

Which of the following is not a characteristics of Egyptianism?

Its cultural appropriation

Its cultural value

Its political institutions

Its religious order

Its rich soil

Açıklama:

The importance of this series of dynasties is that they excelled in nation-building and state-building as well as in making the superlatives of Egyptianism (being identified with Egypt, its cultural values, its political institutions, its religious order, and its rich soil) symbols of unmatched excellence and magnificent national civilizations. Its overriding important contribution was generating the feeling of unity, of nationalism encompassing southern and northern Egypt. S 64
Cultural appropriation and intellectual oversight or subjectivity are the critical controversies in the analysis of Egyptian civilization and its parental roots in Africa and in the Nile Valley, in particular.
Except for the the option A, the rest are characteristics of Egyptianism

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 29

Saqqara pyramid was built for pharaoh _____

Khufu

Khaffa

Menkaura

Djoser

Menes

Açıklama:

Imhotep, a “Renaissance Man,” was a gifted friend of the Pharaoh he followed; he was commissioned to build Djoser’s grave. Djoser made a wise choice by placing the future management of his dead body in the hands of Imhotep, who made sure that he glorified and honored his lord by building a most spectacular burial place, the Saqqara pyramid in Memphis.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 30

The Great Pyramid of Giza was erected for pharaoh _________

Djoser

Khufu

Khaffa

Menkaura

Menes

Açıklama:

During this period was built the Great Pyramid of Giza, erected for the great Pharaoh Khufu in ways so complex and technically ingenious that no one, even today, is yet able to determine how it was built.

Doğru Cevap: B

Who was the Great Pyramid of Giza built for?

Pharaoh Khufu

Pharaoh Djoser

Pharaoh Khaffa

Pharaoh Menkaura

Imhotep

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 37

When was Rozetta Stone discovered?

1799

1780

1781

1782

1783

Açıklama:

Egyptologists before the discovery of the Rosetta Stone (found in 1799) were unable to decipher the hieroglyphic writings of the Egyptians. Right answer is “A”

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 38

What body of water played a major role in the development of the Ancient Egyptian civilization?

Mediterranean Sea

Red Sea

Indian Ocean

Nile River

Victoria Lake

Açıklama:

Like nearly all ancient civilizations, the ancient Egyptian civilization began in the Nile River valley whose length from Lake Tana, in the high lands of Ethiopia, and from Lake Victoria, in Eastern Africa, is over 4000 miles as it reaches Alexandria, Egypt in North Africa. Geographers and anthropologists can go back around 9,000 BCE and affirm the existence of farming, hunting, and fishing communities on both banks of the River Nile. Right answer is “D”.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 39

What major part of the Ancient Egyptian culture played a significant role in the government?

Art

Religion

Food

Science

Storytelling

Açıklama:

Horizontal religious order created outreach mechanisms so that spatial communication between religious leaders and villages, hamlets, and larger communities (nomes) were shepherded and served as faithful followers of the faith and obedient to the teachings of the clergy. Right answer is “B”.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 40

What other civilization or civilizations conquered Ancient Egypt?

Rome

Greece

Persia

Assyria

All of the above

Açıklama:

“Ethnologists, classifying White men in accordance with their physical types, long heads and round heads, fair skins and drake skins, and all the rest of it, have sorted out three main White “races,” which they call Nordic, Alpine, and Mediterranean. For what is worth, we will reckon up the number of civilizations which each of these has made a positive contribution. Right answer is "E".

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 41

What is the common religion in Egypt?

Islam

Christianity

Buddhism

Atheism

Deism

Açıklama:

Some ask: is Egypt African, Middle Eastern, or European? In the thinking of Egyptians of all walks of life, modern Egypt is an Islamic state with a history of identities, ones that have fluctuated between European and Islamic Middle Eastern cultural and religious identities.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 42

What is the origin of Egypt?

Western

African

European

Middle Eastern

American

Açıklama:

The simple and plausible answer to these questions is that the center of Egyptian civilization is in Africa, but its geographical reaches cover vast areas of Africa and the Middle East.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 43

What separated Middle East and Africa?

The River Nile

The Red Sea

The Suez Canal

The Mediterranean Sea

The Eastern Desert

Açıklama:

Before the digging of the Suez Canal, Africa and the Middle East were connected through the northeastern section of Africa. This geographical feature of Africa is as essential a component of the eastern, western, southern and northern parts of Africa as any other feature.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 44

“The thought process that influences the outcome of scholarly research” is called___________.

Skepticism

Intellectualism

Intellectual Belief

Intellectual Behavior

Intellect

Açıklama:

Here it is essential to first clarify what intellectual behavior is: Intellectual behavior is the thought process that influences the outcome of scholarly research. The scholar who is dedicated to intellectual integrity is an explorer of the unknown.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 45

What makes knowledge authentic?

Conjectures

Assumptions

Probabilities

Speculations

Facts

Açıklama:

Knowledge is authentic when it is based on proven and tangible facts. Conjectures, assumptions, probabilities, and speculations may provide a path to the discovery of authentic knowledge, but they are not facts and they are not knowledge. They can also lead to false conclusions.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 46

J.G. Sutton catalogs that in ancient times Sahara was ________.

Wet

Green

Desert

Which Pharaoh was Gisa pyramid built for?

Tutankhamen

Djoser

Pepi I

Khufu

Açıklama:

During this period was built the Great Pyramid of Giza, erected for the great Pharaoh Khufu in ways so complex and technically ingenious that no one, even today, is yet able to determine how it was built.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 51

Which of the following suggests that Egyptian Civilization originated in Africa?
I-Africanists
II- Revisionists
III- Ecocentrists
IV- Egyptologists
V- Afro-centrists
VI- Eastern scholars

I - III - IV

II - V - VI

I - II - V

III - V - VI

I - III - V

Açıklama:

Some scholars argue that ancient Egyptian Civilization originated in Africa. Often, they are referred to Africanists, Afrocentrists, and, in the opinion of some Western scholars, revisionists. Africanists look at Egypt and tend to rely on material facts and let their research lead them to the objective outcomes of their research. Afro-centrists also look at African and Egyptian material civilizations and articulate their views with vocabularies laced with ideology. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 52

A scholar whose research is based on objectivity will accept the research outcome as irrefutable, even if the outcome is unpleasant or varies from the assumptions at the initiation of the research. This is called ___ .

common law

intellectual behavior

material culture

alienation

environmental determinism

Açıklama:

Intellectual behavior is the thought process that influences the outcome of scholarly research. The scholar who is dedicated to intellectual integrity is an explorer of the unknown. When his/her research leads them to an outcome, the scholar embraces the outcome based on the premises on which their own scientific standards are rooted. The behavior of the scholar whose research is based on objectivity will accept the research outcome as irrefutable, even if the outcome is unpleasant or varies from the assumptions at the initiation of the research. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 53

What is the main subject of discussion among scholars such as Toynbee, Ali Mazrui, and Cheikh Anta Diop?

Whether Egyptian pharaohs were gods or not

Whether geographical factors supported farming

Whether there was equality between genders

Whether Egyptian civilization was African or not

Whether Egyptians were a warrior society or not

Açıklama:

Egypt’s geographical location has been a source of confusion and an expression of psychological mindset among intellectuals and laymen. Some ask: is Egypt African, Middle Eastern, or European? Mazrui in his article entitled “On the Concept We are All Africans” stated that Africa is whatever the mind determines it to be; it is a state of mind or “the quality of thinking of oneself as an African” (Mazrui, 1963: 88-97). Egypt is an African land, but the greatness of its golden civilizations of the past is so gargantuan that it can only be described as an amorphous geographical entity encompassing the entire continent, but also containing the Western part of the Middle East, and the Sinai Peninsula. Cheikh Anta Diop on Ancient Egypt stated “Egyptian antiquity is to African culture what GrecoRoman antiquity is to Western culture. The building up of a corpus of African humanities should be based on that fact (Diop, 1990: 31). Arnold J. Toynbee on Ancient Egypt wrote “This notable society emerged in the lower valley of the Nile during the fourth millennium B. C. and it was without ‘parents’ and without offspring; no living society can claim it as an ancestor (Toynbee, 1947:30). The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 54

Where did the ancient Egyptian civilization begin?

In the Nile River valley

On the Sinai peninsula

By the Red Sea

In Eritrea

In Cairo

Açıklama:

Like nearly all ancient civilizations, the ancient Egyptian civilization began in the Nile River valley whose length from Lake Tana, in the high lands of Ethiopia, and from Lake Victoria, in Eastern Africa, is over 4000 miles as it reaches Alexandria, Egypt in North Africa. Geographers and anthropologists can go back around 9,000 BCE and affirm the existence of farming, hunting, and fishing communities on both banks of the River Nile. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 55

Under whose reign were Upper and Lower Egypt unified?

Khufu

Popy II

Pepi I

Djoser

Menes

Açıklama:

Under the leadership of Menes, the unity of Egypt was assured: he brought Lower Egypt (the northernmost region of Egypt, from the mouth of the Nile River south to Memphis, below today’s Cairo) into union with Upper Egypt. This union consolidated the cumulative advances that Egypt was embarking upon from its traditional society phase to the take-off stage. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 56

Which of the following enabled Egyptologists to decipher hieroglyphic writings?

The Sun Stone

The Destiny Stone

The Black Stone

The Rosetta Stone

The Elgin Stone

Açıklama:

Egyptologists before the discovery of the Rosetta Stone (found in 1799) were unable to decipher the hieroglyphic writings of the Egyptians. They could read and translate other civilization’s records, but the enigmatic Egyptian hieroglyphics were obscured for many years. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 57

Who was the Great Pyramid of Giza built for?

Pepi II

Imhotep

Sekemket

Peripsen

Khufu

Açıklama:

Bu ünitenin tamamı ile ilgili görüş ve düzeltmelerimi e-posta olarak göndereceğim. Buradaki karakter sınırı yetmiyor. Elinize ulaşmazsa adkeser@anadolu.edu.tr adresime haber verebilir misiniz lütfen?
During the period between 2890-2560 BCE the Great Pyramid of Giza was erected for the great Pharaoh Khufu. It was so complex and technically ingenious that no one, even today, is yet able to determine how it was built. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 58

Who was the pyramid in the photo built for?

Djoser

Ramses II

Menes

Menkaura

Narmer

Açıklama:

Imhotep, a “Renaissance Man,” was a gifted friend of the Pharaoh Djoser; he was commissioned to build his grave. Djoser made a wise choice by placing the future management of his dead body in the hands of Imhotep, who made sure that he glorified and honored his lord by building a most spectacular burial place, the Step Pyramid in Saqqara in Memphis. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 59

Despite identifying themselves with a particular god each, a group of Egyptian Pharaohs who were mighty builders (e.g. Djoser, Pepi I, Pepi II, Sekemket, and Peripsen) called themselves kings of a certain god. Who was this deity?

Hathor

Horus

Anubis

Isis

Açıklama:

A group of Egyptian Pharaohs were the mighty builders. These kings took advantage of the blueprint that the Founders have bequeathed them and they made the best of their forefathers’ wisdom and excelled, to the pride of their ancestors. They called themselves the Horus Kings, each identifying with a particular god. Among these kings were Djoser, Pepi I, Pepi II, Sekemket, and Peripsen. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 60

Which of the following was the god of the underworld, afterlife and the dead?

Osiris

Nephthys

Thoth

Amun

Açıklama:

During their daily lives, the older folks prepared for sleep by praying to one of their gods, in the Egyptian case, the sun god Ra or god of the underworld, afterlife and the dead Osiris, or variants of the relations of the gods. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 61

I. Greeks
II. Persians
III. Romans
IV. Europe and Asia civilizations
Which of the following are influenced by Egyptians and influenced them?

III

I-II

Açıklama:

They effected and were effected by all the civilizations that lived in Asia and Europe.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 62

Which of the following terms does the description of ‘habitat’ cover? i.Human environment ii. socio-economic systems of the environment iii. The fauna of the environment iv. The animal kingdom

İ-ii-iii-iv

b.İi-iii-iv

c.İ-iii-iv

d. İ-iv

e. İ-ii

Açıklama:

Habitat means i.Human environment ii. socio-economic systems of the environment iii. The fauna of the environment iv. The animal kingdom

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 63

I. They both look at material facts.
II. They both express their views objectively.
III. Both of them state their views ideologically.
IV. Both of them look at Egypt.
According to some western scholars which of the following ideas is/are wrong to explain Africanist look and Afro-centrist look?

I-IV

I-II-III

I-II-IV

II-III

III-IV

Açıklama:

According to some western scholars explain Africanist look and Afro-centrist look that they both look at material facts of Egypt however Africanists express their views objectively whereas Afro centrists express their views ideologically.53

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 64

What is "cultural appropriation"?

Egyptian civilization does not belong to Africa.

Egyptian civilization has not been influenced by other civilizations.

Egyptian civilization has its parental roots in Africa.

Egyptian civilization has its roots in the Nile Valley.

Egyptian civilization is integral part of West, South and East African civilizations.

Açıklama:

Cultural appropriation means Egyptian civilization does not belong to Africa.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 65

I. Creative
II. Industrious
III. Working hard in water management
IV. Alienated
Which of the following attributes describe ancient Egyptians?

I-II-III

I-II-IV

II-III-IV

III-IV

II-IV

Açıklama:

They were Creative, industrious and Working hard in water management

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 66

Which of the White ‘races’ have made contribution to Egyptian civilization?
Which of the White ‘races’ has contributed to Egyptian civilization?

Both The Alpine and The Mediterranean

Both The Nordic and The Mediterranean

The Alpine

The Mediterranean

The Nordic

Açıklama:

Both The Alpine and The Mediterranean

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 67

Which of the following statements explain the driving force of pre-dynastic Egyptian civilization?

Making the best of its environment

Having a colorful nightlife

Giving importance to the family life

Being sophisticated in the art of leadership

Being mighty builders

Açıklama:

Their aim was to survive so the aim of making the best of its environment is the correct answer.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 68

Which of the following describe the pharaonic governmental structure of Ancient Egypt?
i.They gave orders as spokespersons of their divine creator. ii.They were the ultimate ruler of the country. iii. They did not deal with the task of technical administration. iv. Give directives for the head of the government and attendant institutions.

İ-ii-iii-iv

İ-ii-iii

İi-iii-iv

İii-iv

İ-iii

Açıklama:

In pharaonic governmental structure of Ancient Egypt
Paharos gave orders as spokespersons of their divine creator, they were the ultimate ruler of the country, They did not deal with the task of technical administration but they gave directives for the head of the government and attendant institutions.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 69

Which of the following expressions describe king Menes? i. Powerful ii.traditionalist iii. Nationalist iv. Progressive v. İnnovator

İ-ii-iii-v

İ-ii-iii-iv

İ-ii-iii

İi-iii-iv-v

İi-iv-v

Açıklama:

i. Powerful ii.traditionalist iii. Nationalist e v. İnnovator

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 70

I.Products for health and beauty were produced.
II.Physics, chemistry, geometry, and calculus were employed.
III. Timeless monuments, pyramids were built.
IV. The Lower and Upper Egypt were united.
What are the main characteristics of ancient Egypt?

I-II-III

I-II-IV

II-III-IV

III-IV

II-IV

Açıklama:

Products for health and beauty were peoduced ii.Physics, chemistry geometry and calculus were employed. iii.Timeless monuments, pyramids were built. iv.The Lower and the upper Egypt were united during the government of Menes.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 71

Which of the following civilizations does not have a notable influence on the Egyptian Civilization?

Assyrian

Persian

Mayan

Roman

Greek

Açıklama:

Mayan Civilization does not have a notable influence on the Egyptian civilization.

Doğru Cevap: C

Which settlement, given below, is the oldest center for the Chalcolithic period in Anatolia?

Hacılar

Troy

Alacahöyük

Kanesh (Kültepe)

Hattusa

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 52

Which civilization started to use a coinage system first?

Urartians

Lydians

Assyrians

Hittites

Phrygians

Açıklama:

Wealth, the coinage system, and art all made the capital city of Sardis a brilliant center of the ancient world. Furthermore, the capital played a significant role in the advancement of the arts, thanks to the presence there of the School of Sardis in Lydia.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 53

What is the oldest habitation in Anatolia?

Karain cave (Antalya)

Öküzini cave (Antalya)

Yarımburgaz cave (Istanbul)

Beldibi cave (Antalya)

Palanlı (Adıyaman)

Açıklama:

The oldest habitation in Anatolia dates to this age; it is Yarımburgaz Cave near Küçükçekmece Lake (İstanbul). Very primitive flint stones and mammal bones found in this cave, consisting of 16 layers, are important artifacts of the Lower Paleolithic Age.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 54

In which period village life started in Anatolia?

Paleolithic period

Mesolithic period

Chalcolithic period

Neolithic period

Bronze age

Açıklama:

In the Neolithic Age (New Stone Age), during which fundamental changes occurred in the life and subsistence of mankind, evidence shows that village life started while multiplication of beneficent plant and animal breeds introduced agriculture and animal husbandry. The earliest stages of this period are seen at Biris Cemetery and at SöğütTarlası in Şanlıurfa. One of the most important stages here is the production of pottery made by hand-shaped clay

Doğru Cevap: D

Where is this Late Hittite City State work of art located today?

Bor

Çatak

Muradiye

Ivriz

Arslantaş

Açıklama:

One of the most important works of art of the Late Hittite City States is the stele of Ivriz, created in 730 BCE. Here, Varpalavas, the King of Tuvana, is shown praying in front of Tarkhu, the sky god of the Hittites, on the work measuring 4.30 m. The fact that the sky god holds in his hand a Virgo and grapes symbolizes abundance. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 62

Which period does Hacılar settlement date back to?

Paleolithic period

Mesolithic period

Neolithic period

Chalcolithic period

Early Bronze Age

Açıklama:

One must begin more solid history with the Chalcolithic period (5500 to 3000 BCE). That was a time when people moved from caves to villages and first mined copper. Hacılar is one of the most important centers for the period. Hacılar in the Lakes Region portrays the brightest culture of the Early Chalcolithic Age. Nine settlement layers and three cultural eras were revealed by excavations which have taken place here. Hacılar II was the best-known settlement of the period and it has been fully excavated. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 63

Whose writing system has NOT been deciphered yet?

Phrygian

Urartian

Hittite

Lydian

Late Hittite City State

Açıklama:

The Phrygian language was developed from the Phoenician alphabet, and it later played an influential role in the Greek alphabet. However, it has not been yet deciphered. Approximately 300 epitaphs written in Phrygian have been found in Anatolia. The word ‘Mater’ in these epitaphs has been decoded; it was used by the Phrygians to refer to their mother goddess, which is none other than Kubaba - the mother goddess of Anatolia. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 64

Which animals were found in the Hittite solar discs and statuettes in royal tombs?

Lion and horse

Eagle and sheep

Bull and deer

Turtle and cat

Tiger and dog

Açıklama:

The gifts for the dead included a disc peculiar to the Hattis. This is called the “Hittite Solar Disc.” It was produced by a casting and wrought technique and bulls and deer were drawn on it. Furthermore, sculptures of bulls and deer epitomizing the gods were also found in tombs. In the royal tombs of Alacahöyük, Mahmatlar and Horoztepe, deer and bull statuettes -- which were considered sacred -- have been obtained. These statuettes are of the same style as the solar discs in terms of embellishment. The bull represents the god of the sky, whereas the deer represents the mother goddess. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 65

What ended the Assyrian Trade Colonies period?

Wars between the Assyrians and Hattians

Decrease in the number of caravans reaching the karum

People's loss of interest in the goods delivered by Assyrians

Conflicts among the leading karum and different karums

Unrest of the highly indebted local people and high interest rates

Açıklama:

Assyrian merchants became increasingly rich because of trading and the local officials were content, whereas the ordinary people became increasingly poor and fell short in the ability to pay their debts. Thus, money was obtained by loans at high interest. As a natural outcome of this, the elite was caught in various conflicts, and in the end, many places were reduced to ashes, thus ending the era of the Assyrian Period of trade colonies. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 66

Which of the following is not one of the names of the goddess Kybele?

Teshup

Magna Mater

Hepat

Arinna

Kubaba

Açıklama:

Magna Mater (or Kybele) was the famous fertility goddess of the Phrygians; she was well known among the ancient Greeks and the Romans, as well. For the Hittites, the greatest male deity was Teshup, who represented the sky, whereas the head of all the goddesses was Hepat. Hepat, who was the solar goddess of Arinna, continued to be worshipped in Anatolia as Kubaba during the Late Hittite period, and as Kybele later. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 67

Which one was an Urartian capital city?

Sardes

Midas

Gordion

Tushpa

Carhemish

Açıklama:

Urartian tribes were organized by King Sarduri I and subsequently formed the Urartian Kingdom, with its capital city of Tushpa; the city is believed to have served this function from the middle of the ninth century BCE onward. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 68

Which Lydian king ordered to forge the first coins?

Lydos

Canduales

Gyges

Croesus

Alyattes

Açıklama:

The Lydian King Alyattes started to forge coins. The first coins were made from electrum, an alloy of 55 % gold, 45 % silver and a small amount of bronze.The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 69

As reported by Herodotus, when did Croesus say “No one is crazy enough to choose war rather than peace. During peace, sons lay the fathers into the grave; whereas during war, the fathers lay the sons in the grave.”

Before he went to the battle in Cappadocia

When he became captive to the Persian King Cyrus

When he funded the Temple of Artemis

When he acquired the throne after Alyattes died

When he launched expeditions to Ephesus

Açıklama:

Near Sardis the Lydian and Persian armies engaged in a battle. When the Lydian army lost, Babylonian documents report that Croesus was killed after being held captive, and a picture on a vase depicts Croesus as being burnt on top of wood. Regardless of whether Cyrus killed the Lydian king right away or befriended him, as Herodotus (who lived sixty years after Croesus) reports, these philosophically beautiful words were written by the Greek: “When asked by Cyrus, “Croesus, who advised you to attack my territories and meet me as an enemy not a friend?” Croesus said, “King, this is because of your good and my bad luck. The god of the Greeks is to blame, who gave me the arrogance to attack you. No one is crazy enough to choose war rather than peace. During peace, sons lay the fathers into the grave; whereas during war, the fathers lay the sons in the grave…” These answers appealed to Cyrus and he sat beside him and loosened his ties. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 70

Which of the following is true about Puduhepa?

She was the Phrygian mother goddess.

She was the wife of King Murshili I.

She caused conflicts with the Egyptians.

She was a famous Hittite tavananna.

She had little interest in political affairs.

Açıklama:

Hattushili III (1275 - 1250 BCE) ascended to the throne with Queen Puduhepa, who became one of the famous women in Hittite history. This couple alluded to divine powers in their acts. They made great use of religion in politics. Puduhepa placed her seal on many official documents either on her own account or together with the king, e.g. on the Treaty of Kadesh. Hattushili also attached importance to royal marriages and he had his elder daughter marry Ramses II of Egypt. Tuthalia IV (1250 - 1220 BCE) succeeded to the throne after his death; he was the son of Hattushili III and Puduhepa. A seal proves that the queen also continued to hold her title as the ruling queen (tavananna) during the reign of her son. This seal imprint is the only example wherein the name of the mother is given along with the name of the king. Diplomatically, there were good relations between the Hittites and the Egyptians. The most important problem of this period was a famine which broke out because of a severe drought. And this problem was solved thanks to the aid of the Egyptians. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 71

I. The capital city is Hattusa.
II. The Great Hittite Kingdom started with the reign of Shuppiluliuma I.
III. They signed the Treaty of Kadesh with the Assyrians.
IV. Their legendary kings were Gordios and Midas.
Which of the above is/are true for the Hittite Civilization?

Only I

Only III

I and II

III and IV

I-III and IV

Açıklama:

The statements I and II are true for the Hittite Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 72

I. The Lydian civilization flourished in the eastern part of Anatolia.
II. Gordion was the capital city of the Phrygian Civilization.
III. King Sarduri I formed the Urartian Civilization.
IV. The Edict of Telipinu was an example of public policy formed by the Assyrians.
Which of the above is/are true about the Anatolian Civilizations?

Only II

Only IV

I-II and III

II and III

I and IV

Açıklama:

Statements II and III are true about the Anatolian Civilizations.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 73

Which of the following belongs to the Paleolithic Period?

Karain Cave

Gordion

Sardes

Troia

Karum

Açıklama:

Karain Cave is an ancient site that belongs to the Paleolithic Period.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 74

Independent trade colonies in the Assyrian Civilization are called ............

tumulus

mater

virgo

teisheba

karum

Açıklama:

Independent trade colonies in the Assyrian Civilization are called karum.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 75

Which of the following is a king of the Hittite Civilization?

Midas

Shuppiluliuma

Sarduri

Sargon

Candaules

Açıklama:

Shuppiluliuma is a king of the Hittite Civilization

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 76

I. They used Akkadian language in their political correspondence.
II. They used animal-shaped embossed vases, known as Rhyton.
III. They used the cuneiform script.
IV. They formed great tumulus for their kings.
Which of the above is/are true about the Hittite Civilization?

II, IV

I, III, IV

III and IV

I-II and III

II-III and IV

Açıklama:

Statements I, II and III are true about the Hittite Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 77

I. Main three gods were the chief god Haldi, the sky god Teisheba, and the solar god Sivini.
II.They established their castles and cities on high rocky areas and used the level grounds for agricultural purposes.
III. Sarduri I established the Urartu state, making Tushpa (Van) the capital.
IV. They subjugated all Western Anatolia from the seventh century on.
Which of the above is/are true about the Urartian Civilization?

Only I

Only IV

I and IV

I-II and III

III and IV

Açıklama:

Statements I-II and III are true about the Urartian Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 78

Which of the following is the capital city of the Phrygian Civilization?

Gordion

Sardes

Tushba

Hattusa

Kef

Açıklama:

Gordion is the capital city of the Phrygian Civilization

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 79

I. Croesus used his profound wealth well and granted aid to the holy places.
II. Its capital city was Gordion.
III. They worshipped Mater as the goddess of abundance and fertility.
IV. Yazılıkaya was an important place for worshipping gods.
Which of the above is/are true about the Lydian Civilization?

Only I

Only III

II and IV

I and III

I and IV

Açıklama:

Only statement I is true about the Lydian Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 80

Which of the following is the famous king of the Phrygian Civilization?

Lydos

Gordios

Croesus

Argishti

Tuthalia

Açıklama:

Gordios is the famous king of the Phrygian Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 81

When was tools such as needles were made? i.Mesolithic period ii.upper Paleolithic Age

iii.lower Paleolithic age iv. Middle Paleolithic age

İi

İii

İv

İii-iv

Açıklama:

Mesolithic period is the correct answer

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 82

Which of the following is the oldest habitation in Anatolia? i. Yarımburgaz cave
ii. Karain cave iii. Beldibi cave
iv.Şarklı cave

iii-iv

i-ii

Açıklama:

Yarımburgaz cave is the oldest habitation

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 83

Which of the following happened during Mesolithic period? i. New weapons like bows and arrows are made. ii. Grain was sowed. İii. Grain was reaped iv. People obtained their food by hunting

i-ii-iii

İ-ii-iv

iii-iv

i-iii

Açıklama:

New weapons like bows and arrows are made.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 84

4. Which of the following statements describe great Hitite period? i. Treaty of kadesh was signed ii. Kadesh was signed between Hitites Urartians iii. They established the first centralised empire in Anatolia. iv. They were mainly settled in eastern Anatolia.

i-iii

i-ii

İi-iii

İi-iv

İii-iv

Açıklama:

i. Treaty of kadesh was signed iii. They established the first centralised empire in Anatolia. these are correct however ii. Kadesh was signed between Hitites Urartians iv. They were mainly settled in eastern Anatolia. are incorrect because kadesh was signed between hitites and egyptians and they mainly settled in central anatolia.

Doğru Cevap: A

Which of the following is true about the Urartian Civilization?

They established their castles and cities on high rocky areas.

The Urartians used cuneiform script.

They were highly developed in science and technology.

They were very successful in adapting to the harsh geographical conditions of Eastern Anatolia.

They had good relationships with Assyrians.

I, II

II, III, IV

I, II, III

I, II,IV

II, III, V

Açıklama:

-
Urartians were established in Eastern Anatolia, they were used cuneiform script and were very good at building monumental castle, waterworks and etc.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 92

The ___________ Kingdom became rich and powerful thanks to its natural resources, especially the presence of gold in many rivers.
Which of the following best completes the sentence above?

Phrygian

Urartian

Egypt

Hittite

Lydian

Açıklama:

-
The __Lydian_________ Kingdom became rich and powerful thanks to its natural resources, especially the presence of gold in many rivers.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 93

Who commissioned the writing of annals, providing scholars with valuable information about the Hittite civilization?

Agoras

Nymphs

Hoplites

Temenos

Propylon

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 39

What does the term "Phalanx" stand for?

A Greek God

A gathering place

A name given to money

A battle formation

A name for unmarried women

Açıklama:

The battle formation was the Phalanx or massed infantry formation where each Hoplite held his shield on his left arm, protecting the right side of his comrade on his left at the risk of his own possible injury, relying on the Hoplite to his left to protect his right side.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 40

When did the first Olympic games take place?

In 772 BCE

In 773 BCE

In 774 BCE

In 775 BCE

In 776 BCE

Açıklama:

In 776 B.C.E, about 3000 years ago, the first Olympic Games took place.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 41

When did the Hellenistic period begin?

When Alexander the Great died.

When Hellens conquered the world.

When Rome conquered Hellens

When Hellens accepted democracy

When Greece was conquered by the Ottoman Empire

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 42

What was the greatest achievement of Hellens?

Astronomy

Philosophy

Mathematics

Art

Architecture

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 43

Which of the following names "recorded history" in “classic age of Greece”?

Plato

Sophodes

Herodotus

Aristophanes

Hippocrates

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: C

What was the other name for the citizen-soldiers ?

Agoras

Nymphs

Hoplites

Temenos

Propylon

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: C

There were eminents from Hellenic civilization in various fields. Which of the following is not one of them?

Socrates

Plato

Thucydides

Augustus

Hippocrates

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 54

Which event mainly led Hellenistic civilization to the Dark Age of Greece?

external invasion of Dorians

the political structure of the polies

the new age of metallurgy

colonization

the character of the land

Açıklama:

A catastrophic decline, caused by external invasion or internal strife. What has been described as the “Dark Age of Greece “descended on the peninsula, during which time it was invaded by indigenous peoples from the north, the Dorians. The influx of Dorians set off a wave of emigration of the local peoples. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 55

The following are related to the Gods in the Ancient Greek and their domains. Which one of them is not correct?

Zeus-The lord of the sky

Poseidon-Storms at sea

Athena-Battle

Artemis-Hunting

Hera-Politics

Açıklama:

Zeus was recognized as king, and his wife, Hera, as queen. Her field was marriage. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 56

What field dominated the education of Greek children in Sparta?

philosophy

reading and writing

military

poems

voting

Açıklama:

The education of Greek children differed in
each polis. In Sparta, boys from the age of 7 were taken from their families to live a communal life in a military school barracks. Weapons training dominated their days, and their recreation was learning poems and songs that glorified battle and sacrifice. Reading and writing was unimportant. Boys learned to be good fighters. In Athens, citizens had to be educated to take part in voting in the Assembly.
The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 57

The education of Greek children differed in each polis. In Athens, which field of study was not included in education?

marriage

fitness

military training

wrestling

javelin

Açıklama:

The education of Athenian boys included fitness classes emphasizing sports that had embedded military training, e.g. javelin, shot put, discus and wrestling, for the army which was composed of citizen-soldiers, (Hoplites). The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 58

The growth of trade in ancient Greece led to the development of financial techniques. What was the most significant one?

interest

merchandise

harvesting

taxes

slavery

Açıklama:

Most merchants, lacking sufficient cash assets, resorted to borrowing to finance all or part of their expeditions. A typical loan for a large venture in 4th century BCE Athens, was generally a large sum of cash (usually less than 2,000 drachmas), lent for a short time (the length of the voyage, a matter of several weeks or months), at a high rate of interest (often 12% but reaching levels as high as 100%).
The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 59

Which of the following describes long poems characterized with a culturally important serious topic and without any rhyme ?

drama

Homeric epics

Epic poems

infantry formation

obelisks

Açıklama:

Epic poems are long poems, which do not rhyme, and describe a serious topic, which is culturally important. Homeric Epics described the great deeds of the warriors of Greece, who led the war against Troy. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 60

Which one was the preferred means of transportation in ancient Greece?

wagons

carriages

carts

chariots

boat

Açıklama:

Traveling via sea was not as complicated as land travel in ancient Greece, and it was actually the preferred mode of transportation whenever possible. The ancient Greeks were highly skilled both in navigation and shipbuilding, and actively colonized and traded across the Mediterranean. Greece’s geography was optimal for boat travel, encircled by the Mediterranean and the Aegean seas, and with population centers concentrated near its coastlines and on its array of islands. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 61

Which of the followings were almost always included in a typical meal in ancient Greece?
I.Wine
II.Bread
III.Olive Oil

II and III

I and III

I, II and III

I and II

Only III

Açıklama:

A typical meal in ancient Greece almost always included bread, wine and olive oil.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 62

Which of these events marks the end of the Hellenic Civilization and the beginning of the Hellenistic Civilization?

Greek migrations within the Agean Sea

The death of Alexander the Great

The rise of Sparta

Persian Wars

Peloponnesian War

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: B

Which of the following Greek architectural order does the column in the picture belong to?

Doric

Corinthian

Lydian

Ionic

Mycenaean

Açıklama:

The Corinthian order is a lot like the Ionic order, but the capitals are even more elaborately decorated, usually with leaves and floral pattern. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 70

“The city had a point, usually elevated, which in early period was a place of refuge. On it, stood the temples, altar, public monuments, and various dedications to the gods.” Which part of a city is being decribed?

Polis

Agora

Phalanx

Acropolis

Hoplite

Açıklama:

The city had a point, usually elevated called the “acropolis,” and a public square or marketplace (agora). On the acropolis, which in early period was a place of refuge, stood the temples, altar, public monuments, and various dedications to the gods of the polis. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 71

Since mythology provided an explanation for natural phenomena, how was a victory won in a battle explained?

Athena’s pleasure

Poseidon’s revenge

Artemis’s guidance

Hera’s jealousy

Zeus’s anger

Açıklama:

The mythology provided an explanation for natural phenomena: destructive storms were the result of Zeus’s anger at man’s impieties; Poseidon would raise storms at sea and sink the ships of those who displeased him. In the same manner, victory in battle was evidence of Athena’s pleasure, and a successful hunt was the result of Artemis guiding the hunter’s hand. With the earthly domains of the gods and goddesses being a part of human existence, even skeptical persons would hedge their bets through a ritual observance to ensure success. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 72

Which of the following is not one of the Major city-states in the Hellenic Civilization?

Delphi

Sardines

Ithaca

Argos

Sparta

Açıklama:

Sardines is not one of the Major city-states in the Hellenic Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 73

I. Big towns have gymnasiums for training for the Olympics.
II. Temples and town council buildings are among the architectural features.
III. Every Greek town has an open-air theatre.
IV. People make their living from farming and mining.
Which of the following define(s) characteristics of the ancient Greek world?

Only I

Only IV

II and III

I and IV

I-II and III

Açıklama:

Statements I-II and III define characteristics of the ancient Greek world.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 74

The Hellenic Civilization is also known as the ...........................

Era of Achievement

Great Civilizations Era

Classic Age of Greece

Golden Age of the World

Ancient Historical Era of Europe

Açıklama:

The Hellenic Civilization is also known as the Classic Age of Greece.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 75

Which of the following defines the religion of ancient Greece?

Polytheistic

Monotheistic

Deistic

Atheistic

Proteistic

Açıklama:

the religion of ancient Greece is polytheistic.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 76

I. It provided an explanation for natural phenomena such as destructive storms.
II. It was based on monotheic religious beliefs.
III. Actions of gods and goddesses constituted the underlying tenet of daily life.
III. It adopted myths from Roman Civilization.
Which of the above is/are true about Greek mythology to define the religion of the Hellenic Civilization?

Only II

I and III

II and IV

III and IV

Only IV

Açıklama:

Statements I and III are true about Greek mythology to define the religion of the Hellenic Civilization

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 77

I. Girls were mainly trained in law.
II. Boys started school at the age of 7.
III. Boys from wealthy families had a chance to get education on philosophy.
IV. Both boys and girls were trained in various sports.
Which of the above is/are true for education in the Hellenic Civilization?

Only I

Only II

II and III

I and IV

I-II-III and IV

Açıklama:

Statements II and III are true about education in the Hellenic Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 78

I. The majority of the population was employed in fine arts.
II. Deposits of metal ore were common in Greece.
III. The economy largely depended on imported goods.
IV. Trade craftsmanship was one of the important aspects of Greek economy.
Which of the above is/are true about the economy of the Hellenic Civilization?

Only I

Only III

I and IV

II-III and IV

I-II and III

Açıklama:

Statements II-III and IV are true about the economy of the Hellenic Civilization

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 79

Which of the following is the gathering place which was the center of the artistic, spiritual and political life of the city in ancient Greece?

Agora

Polis

Hoplite

Gymnasium

City Council

Açıklama:

Agora is the gathering place which was the center of the artistic, spiritual and political life of the city in ancient Greece

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 80

I. The Greeks were essentially materialist who regarded the world in physical terms.
II. Theatre, music, and dancing were important aspects of Greek culture.
III. Homeric Epics were among the great literary productions in ancient Greece.
IV. Ancient Greek philosophy provided the roots for the Western intellectual tradition.
Which of the above is/are true about the culture of the Hellenic Civilization?

Only I

Only III

I and IV

II and III

I-II-III and IV

Açıklama:

Statements I-II-III and Iv are true about the culture of the Hellenic Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 81

Who was the first of the Greeks who was interested in biology and developed a theory of organic evolution?

Aristotle

Platon

Euclid

Anaximander

Platon

Açıklama:

Anaximander was the first of the Greeks who was interested in biology and developed a theory of organic evolution.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 82

What was the most significant aspect of Hellenic model?

a. Political governance of recognized citizens

b. Keeping Citizens away from governmental issues.

c. Governing model of monarchy

d. Support of national religion

e. political governance of people from any rank and status.

Açıklama:

yanıt 'Political governance of recognized citizens' dır. Yani üst katmandan belli kişilerin idari işlere katılımına izin verilmektedir.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 83

2. Which of the following are among the notable fields of Classical Greek age?
i.Philosophy ii. Medicine iii. recorded history iv. theater

a. i-ii-iii-iv

b. i-ii-iii

c. ii-iii-iv

d. ii-iv

e. iii-iv

Açıklama:

All of the areas given were among the fields in classical age. Bütün verilenler doğru.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 84

3. Which of the following explain New Greek age? i.Bronze was replaced with iron ii. Invasion by indigenous people from North iii. catastrophic decline started in this age

a. i

b. ii

c. iii

d. ii-iii

e. i-ii

Açıklama:

bronze was replaced by iron

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 85

4. Which of the following explain religion of Hellenic civilization?
i.The religion was polytheistic
ii.The religion was monotheistic
iii.The gods were immortal
iv.The gods shared many characteristics of humans
v.Since the gods shared human characteristics they were considered mortal

a. İ-iii-iv

b. iv-v

c.i-iv-v

d.i-iii

e. ii

Açıklama:

The religion was polytheistic (there were many gods) , The gods were immortal
yet The gods shared many characteristics of humans.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 86

5. Which of the following statements are true for religous acts in hellenic period?
i. Priest orchestrated the rituals
ii. Women and men attended all religious rituals together
iii. Women and men always attended most religious rituals together
iv. Individuals could visit a temple at any time they wanted

a. İ-iii-iv

b. ii-iii-iv

c. iii-iv

d. i-iv

e. ii-iv

Açıklama:

Priest orchestrated the rituals, Women and men always attended most religious rituals together, Individuals could visit a temple at any time they wanted.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 87

6. What was the status of men and women in Hellenic civilization?

a.Men lived better life than women did.

b. Women were allowed to participate in communal sports

c. Women were taught reading and writing.

d. Women were taught how to protect themselves.

e. Both men and women were considered to be full citizens.

Açıklama:

men had better life than the women did is the correct answer. Only men were accepted as full citizens. the other opportunities eg. reading writing, were given to Spartan women.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 88

7. Which of the following explain ‘agora’?
i. center of the athletic life of the city
ii. center of artistic, spiritual life of the city.
iii. Center of political life of the city.
iv. It is a gathering place

a. i-ii-iii-iv

b. ii-iii-iv

c. i-ii

d. ii-iii

e. iii-iv

Açıklama:

yanıt hepsini kapsamaktadır. Agora is a i.center of the athletic life of the city ii.center of artistic, spiritual life of the city.
iii. Center of political life of the city.
iv. It is a gathering place

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 89

8. Match the main themes on the right with the Greek philosophers on the left.
i.Aristotle x.topics on political thoughts, ethics,epistemology
ii.socrates y.treatises on each topic of nature and human life
iii.plato z. İnquiry into ethical matters and search for truth

a. i-y; ii-z; iii-x

b. i-z; ii-y; iii-x

c. i-y; ii-x; iii-z

d. i-x; ii-z; iii-y

e. i-z; ii-x; iii-y

Açıklama:

yanıt- i-y; ii-z; iii-x

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 90

9. Which part of the house was usually taken by women in ancient Greece?

They had the back and upstairs part.

They had the part around courtyard.

They had the part on the ground floor.

They had front part of the house.

They had the front part close to the kitchen.

Açıklama:

They had the back and upstairs part of the house.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 91

10. Which of the following comes after Hellenistic period?

The Roman Period

The Classical Period

The Byzantine Period

The Archaic Period

The Dark Age

Açıklama:

The Roman Period is the correct answer.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 92

Which of the following is not one of the best-known works of Greek architecture?

In the Roman Empire, people were divided into two as Patricians(leadership class) and Plebeians(non-aristoratic folk). How much of the population made up the non-aristocratic class in the early years of Roman Empire?

Açıklama:

Who were the people of Rome, in addition to the leadership class of patricians? In the early years, roughly 80 % of the citizens were not patricians but rather plebeians, the lower classes.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 6

Which nation did Romans fight in the Punic Wars?

The Ottomans

The Persian

The Carthagians

The Spanish

The Greeks

Açıklama:

The Punic Wars together amounted to a long-lasting con ict between Rome and Carthage, a powerful rival city- state and society to the south, founded originally by the Phoenicians, that arose in what is now Tunisia, on the southern coast of the Mediterranean.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 7

Who lead the Roman armies that defeated the famous Carthaginian general Hannibal at the battle of Zama in 202 BCE?

Publius Cornelius Scipio

Julius Caesar

Marcus Antonius

Pompei

Augustus

Açıklama:

The battle was joined and Hannibal was confronted by a young man later considered to be one of the greatest military geniuses of all time: Publius Cornelius Scipio. e Romans pressed their might under Scipio’s leadership, and they defeated Hannibal at the battle of Zama, not far from his home city of Carthage, in 202 BCE. ere was a brief truce, and negotiations commenced, but they failed.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 8

Which Roman emperor was a Stoic who believed in private virtue and continuous publice service as he famously said "Men must always do their duty"?

Marcus Aurelius

Luvcretius

Julius Caesar

Tiberus Graachus

Scipio

Açıklama:

Emperor Marcus Aurelius was a Stoic who believed in private virtue and continuous public service. He wrote that men must always do their duty. Our role is to live each day as if it were our last, “without agitation, without torpor, without pretense.”

Doğru Cevap: A

Cyprus
Syria
South Africa
Moldaiva

Which of the above are the regions that were included in Rome during the period of Julius Caesar?

I-II-III

I-III-IV

II-III-IV

I-II

I-IV

Açıklama:

The answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 24

"...who, based on the Etruscan belief, was a moon goddess and originally stood as a representation of women but evolved to become more like the Greek Hera, wife of Zeus."
Which of the following completes the sentence above the best?

Juno

Venus

Diana

Vesta

Minerva

Açıklama:

The answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 25

Which of the following is NOT one of the beliefs the Romans supported religiously?

Judaism

Astrology

Ancient Myths

Mithraism

Cristianity

Açıklama:

The asnwer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 26

He could arranage marriages for his children.
He could sell his children into slavery.
He ruled the household including slavery.
He ensured all officers acted correctly.

Which of the above are correct about the role fo Fathers in Rome?

I-II-III

I-II-IV

II-III-IV

I-III-IV

Only III

Açıklama:

The anwwer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 27

Which of the following is NOT among the great Roman writers?

Livy

Juvenal

Horace

Cicero

Homer

Açıklama:

The answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 28

examined matters of everyday life in a gentle and amusing, ironic manner
was a leading lyric poet,
wrote at least two books of satire,
Among the expressions of him that we still use are “carpe diem”

Which of the following writers of Roman Period is the information above describing?

Horace

Virgil

Cicero

Juvenal

Homer

Açıklama:

The answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 29

Which of the following ancient Roman poets recounted Rome's origin as follows?: Aeneas was a warrior of Troy and son of a prince of Troy. Aeneas was a valiant fighter for the doomed city of Troy, but when the city finally fell to its besiegers, he led a band of his people westward to found, eventually and after much wandering, the city of Rome, a new homeland for his divine nation with its godly origins.

Virgil

Horace

Ovid

Catullus

Juvenal

Açıklama:

The Romans used to believe that they were descended from the Ancient Greece, the major civilization that prevailed before them in Europe and the Middle East. Their main legend of origin was recounted by Virgil (70 - 19 BCE) in the great work, The Aeneid. According to this epic poem, Rome arose in the wake of the Trojan War. The poet Virgil writes of Aeneas, a warrior of Troy and son of a prince of Troy and the goddess Athena. Virgil recounts how Aeneas was a valiant fighter for the doomed city of Troy, but when the city finally fell to its besiegers, he led a band of his people westward to found, eventually and after much wandering, the city of Rome, a new homeland for his divine nation with its godly origins. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 30

Which of the following is not one of the social and political implications of Rome's origins?

With their advanced engineering and science, and powerful military force, they contributed to the rise of Western civilization.

Romans taught the Western world how to establish the rule of law.

The Roman language, i.e. Latin, has been a mother to dozens of Romance languages spoken today.

Ancient Rome was born in an environment in which many peoples, from a variety of origins, mingled.

As predecessors of Greek people, the Romans paved the way for the establishment of Greek civilization.

Açıklama:

Rome was based in part on the older civilization of Greece. The ancient Greeks gave the world philosophy, cultivation of the world of the mind, and love of learning and logic; the Romans added to this a set of structures for organizing government and society efficiently and effectively. Rome taught mankind throughout the Western world how to establish the rule of law, advance engineering and science, and create a powerful military force, thus generating practical details which enabled the rise of Western civilization.
Settling on Greek lands, Romans were influenced by the Greek culture. The Greeks first settled in Italy by 600 BCE and their influence was profound throughout the region. So, the builders of the Roman civilization certainly were exposed to many of the ideas, the institutions, and the culture of ancient Greece, especially via the culture of the Etruscans. Thus, the correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 31

Which of the following geographic information is not true about the Romans during and after the huge second Punic War?

The war meant that Rome had also become embroiled in Greek affairs, since some of the Greek cities were allied with Carthage.

The defeat of the old enemy Carthage brought Spain and northern Africa under Roman control.

Mesopotamia remanined under control of the Romans for decades.

Rome never effectively penetrated far to the south in Africa.

Around the time of Julius Caesar, just before the empire replaced the republic, military conquests had expanded the reach of Rome.

Açıklama:

The Roman occupation of Mesopotamia after the Punic War was not too long. It lasted only about three years. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 32

Which of the following options includes the six male gods of the Roman civilization?

Jupiter-Neptune-Mars-Apollo-Vulcan-Mercury

Jupiter-Neptun-Mars-Juno-Minerva-Hera

Apollo-Vulcan-Mercury-Venus-Vesta-Ceres

Juno-Minerva-Hera-Venus-Vesta-Ceres

Jupiter-Juno-Vesta-Ceres-Mars-Mercury

Açıklama:

By the third century BCE, as the Republic aged, the public religion grew to absorb more cosmopolitan, especially Greek, ideas of the deities. Among the prominent gods of the later Republic years were six male gods: Jupiter, the all-important sky god, resembled the Zeus of Greece. Other male gods included Neptune (Poseidon to the Greeks), Mars (Ares to the Greeks), Apollo (he had the same name in both cultures), Vulcan (Hephaistos to the Greeks), and Mercury (Hermes to the Greeks). The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 33

This is a cult that entered the Roman life just after 200 BCE, based on the belief that the goddess had ensured victory at Zama, ending the Second Punic War, because she protected those who were besieged. She was worshipped by acts of ecstasy, including dancing or self-mutilation. Over time, the cult engaged in ever more licentious behavior. In addition, she offered the prospect of an afterlife - very attractive to many people.
Which of the following Roman goddesses is described above?

Isis

Venus

Hera

Cybele

Ceres

Açıklama:

The cult of Cybele entered the Roman life just after 200 BCE, based on the belief that the goddess had ensured victory at Zama, ending the Second Punic War, because she protected those who were besieged. She was worshipped by acts of ecstasy, including dancing or self-mutilation. As time went by, the cult engaged in ever more licentious behavior. In addition, she offered the prospect of an afterlife - very attractive to many people. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 34

In the ancient Romans, he gained eternal fame, for (1) his selfless devotion to the Republic when it needed him at a time of crisis and for (2) his willingness to give up power as soon as the crisis had ebbed. In 458 BCE, he was working on a small farm when the call from his country came. Although he questioned why he was being chosen, he accepted the request of delegates and was appointed temporary dictator so that he could rescue an army that had been surrounded by the enemy. He formed his army, engaged the enemy, and defeated it.
Which of the following figures is defined above?

Dionysos

Cincinnatus

Homer

Julius Caesar

Scipio

Açıklama:

To the ancient Romans, civic virtue was central. Citizens were expected to serve their country temporarily, when needed. An example of this was Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, who gained eternal fame, however, for (1) his selfless devotion to the Republic when it needed him at a time of crisis and for (2) his willingness to give up power as soon as the crisis had ebbed. He was famously depicted as a model for all the Romans to emulate, “Cincinnatus at the Plow” by the prominent Roman orator Cicero.
In 458 BCE Cincinnatus was working on a small farm when the call from his country came. Although he questioned why he was being chosen, he accepted the request of delegates and was appointed temporary dictator so that he could rescue an armythat had been surrounded by the enemy.Cincinnatus formed his army, engaged the enemy, and defeated it - all in fifteen days.
The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 35

It played a significant role in underlying Rome’s expansion to include societies east and west. Of all the wars involving Rome, none were more important than the three on-and-off outbursts of fighting. This series of battles began in 264 BCE and ended almost a century later, in 146 BCE. They were a long-lasting conflict between Rome and Carthage, a powerful rival city-state and society to the south, founded originally by the Phoenicians on the southern coast of the Mediterranean.
Which of the following events in the ancient Roman history is defined above?

Caesar's Civil War

The Battle of Actium

Fall of ancient Rome

Punic Wars

Third Servile War

Açıklama:

The Punic Wars were the most important institution underlying Rome’s expansion to include societies east and west. Of all the wars involving Rome, none were more important than the three on-and-off outbursts of fighting known collectively as the Punic Wars. This series of battles began in 264 BCE and ended almost a century later, in 146 BCE. The Punic Wars together amounted to a long-lasting conflict between Rome and Carthage, a powerful rival city-state and society to the south, founded originally by the Phoenicians on the southern coast of the Mediterranean. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 36

Which of the following is not one of the major innovations introduced by the Romans?

New physical theories

An elaborate legal system

Construction of arches and domes

Principle of justice for all

Advances in public health and hygiene

Açıklama:

Law, science and technology, and architecture and sculpture were the main domains of innovation in the ancient Rome. An elaborate legal system, principle of justice for all, advances in public health and hygiene, and use of arches and domes in architecture were among these innovations. However, the development of new physical theories was not one of the innovations that marked the history of Romans. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 37

He was the last Roman to write a full history from the origins of the Roman Republic through 9 BCE in Latin. Although his account was not always accurate, and was influenced by myths, his history quickly became a classic and inspired many others to attempt history. The history is so extensive that he is said to have written three full books per year. His main point was that it was Rome’s moral qualities which had kept it a great civilization.
Which of the following Roman writers is described above?

Virgil

Livy

Horace

Cicero

Juvenal

Açıklama:

Livy was the last Roman to write a full history from the origins of the Roman Republic through 9 BCE in Latin. Although his account was not always accurate, and was influenced by myths, his history quickly became a classic and inspired many others to attempt history. The history is so extensive that he is said to have written three full books per year. His main point was that it was Rome’s moral qualities which had kept it a great civilization. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 38

Which of the following was not one of the factors underlying the fall of Rome?

Greed for power

Civil war that broke out because of inequality in life

Overweening personal ambition

Maldistribution of wealth

Strong bonds with the ancient Greek culture

Açıklama:

There was a series of factors underlying the disintegration in the Roman Republic. Inequality in the distribution of wealth, unfair treatment in the society and personal ambition for wealth and power were among these factors. However, building bonds with the ancient Greek culture was not a factor that accelerated the fall of Rome. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 39

The King built a temple honoring the god Janus and then declared that any person entering the temple would be entitled to asylum in the city. What was the result of this action?

Rome became the center of arts.

Rome became a city of refuge for those seeking a new life.

Rome prospered and had great economic resources.

Slavery in Rome was abolished.

Rome became a religious destination for pilgrims.

Açıklama:

The new city attracted a great many settlers, in part because the king built a temple honoring the god Janus and then declared that any person entering the temple would be entitled to asylum in the city. So, Rome became a city of refuge for those seeking a new life.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 40

When did Rome start to expand throughout Greek areas?

After the fall of the Etruscans

At the time of Julius Caesar

At the height of the Nazi regime

At the defeat of the old enemy Carthage

At the occupation of Mesopotamia

Açıklama:

After the fall of the Etruscans, Rome began to expand its reach, incorporating neighboring areas. In the process of the huge second Punic War, Rome expanded its direct control over much of Italy. Moreover, the war meant that Rome had also become embroiled in Greek affairs, since some of the Greek cities were allied with Carthage and others opposed. Those in opposition to Carthage called to Rome for help. Soon, as a result, Rome was expanding throughout these Greek areas, as well.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 41

Which of the following Roman emperors was called as 'three headed monster' by his enemies and proclaimed 'veni, vidi, vici - I came, I saw, I conquered' after one of his triumphs?

Marcus Aurelius

Arcadius

Honorius

Julius Caesar

Tiberius Gracchus

Açıklama:

The second of the two contestants was Julius Caesar, a young consul; he was elected as part of a triumvirate with Pompey and another man, Crassus in 60 BCE. Enemies called this a “three headed monster.” Caesar had victories in the east. In response to one of them, he famously proclaimed: veni, vidi, vici - I came, I saw, I conquered.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 42

Which of the following Roman writers famously said 'we should seek a sound mind in a sound body' and wrote poems denouncing pride?

Livy

Horace

Cicero

Virgil

Juvenal

Açıklama:

Juvenal wrote poems denouncing pride, and he satirically examined the vanity of human wishes. He famously said that we should seek “a sound mind in a sound body.” Writing during a particularly offensive reign (when Rome was very corrupt), he said that he wrote satire because vice, crime, and the misuse of wealth had so ruled society that it was impossible not to write satire.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 43

Which one of the following categories is not among the Great Roman Institutional Innovations?

Architecture

Law

Science

Sculpture

Philosophy

Açıklama:

Three Great Roman Institutional Innovations are as follows:

Roman Law:This innovation was indeed an institutional advance. Roman jurists built an elaborate legal system.

Science and Technology:The Romans, always practical, made few theoretical innovations but applied across their empire advances in public health and hygiene.

Architecture and Sculpture:The Romans advanced arches to the barrel vault, a series of arches that could provide a ceiling for huge public buildings.

Rome, while not a cultural desert, did not innovate in art, drama, or philosophy.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 44

Which one of the following religions in the Roman Empire was brought back to Rome by soldiers who traveled to the east and perhaps related to astrology; only men were admitted as members?

Mithraism

Christianity

Worshipped Spirits

Male Gods

Vestal Virgins

Açıklama:

Mithraism was brought back to Rome by soldiers who traveled to the east and perhaps related to astrology; only men were admitted as members. The cult believed in a powerful god who could move the heavens, it advanced the idea of fatalism and avowed a lack of personal responsibility for what happens in life. Bulls were slaughtered at the Mithraic ceremonies and in the caves where the followers met are found depictions of scorpions, dogs, snakes, and lots of blood.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 45

Why did the Roman Empire turn against Christianity?

Minor persecutions of Romans followed Christianity.

Christians refused to pay homage to Roman gods.

Christians were killed and tortured to death.

Eternal life was only offered to a number of Romans.

Jewish religion became more popular.

Açıklama:

Most important of all for civilizational history was the arrival of Christianity, an offshoot of the Jewish religion, destined to become a major world religion via Rome. In the beginning, the Romans were tolerant toward Christianity. But when the Christians, like the Jews, refused to pay homage to Roman gods and the dead emperors, now seen as gods by the Romans, the empire turned against them and advocating Christianity was punishableby death.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 46

When did all free subjects of the empire obtain Roman citizenship in the Roman Empire?

232 CE

226 CE

212 CE

315 CE

312 CE

Açıklama:

Those who lived in lands that allied with Rome often received grants of citizenship. Gradually, most who lived in Northern or Southern Italy were named Roman citizens and over the centuries many migrated to Rome to live, generating a cosmopolitan atmosphere there as well as across many parts of the empire. Later, during the empire period, the Senate continued simultaneously to appoint Romans to high positions while extending Roman citizenship to yet additional subjects. Finally, in 212 CE all free subjects of the empire obtained Roman citizenship.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 47

Which landscape did the Punic Wars together amount to a long-lasting conflict with Rome?

Carthage

Alps

Syracuse

Sardinia

Sicily

Açıklama:

The Punic Wars were the most important institution underlying Rome’s expansion to include societies east and west. Of all the wars involving Rome, none were more important than the three on-and-off outbursts of fighting known collectively as the Punic Wars. This series of battles began in 264 BCE and ended almost a century later, in 146 BCE. The Punic Wars together amounted to a long-lasting conflict between Rome and Carthage, a powerful rival citystate and society to the south, founded originally by the Phoenicians, that arose in what is now Tunisia, on the southern coast of the Mediterranean.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 48

How many years did the social, political, and ethical institutions of the Roman Republic last in Rome?

About 100 years

About 200 years

About 300 years

About 400 years

About 500 years

Açıklama:

The social, political, and ethical institutions of the Roman Republic lasted in Rome for about 500 years (or more, as a shadow of itself ). But the ideas of the republic - governmental checks and balances, social stratification, leadership class balanced with rights for all, civic virtue, and military prowess - have since been imitated in one form or another all around the world.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 49

The Romans liked to believe that they were ___________ the major civilization that prevailed before them in Europe and the Middle East.
Which of the following completes the sentence above?

descended in a direct line from ancient Greece

descended in an indirect line from ancient Greece

arisen in the wake of the Trojan War

arisen extensive wars against Carthage

seen in huge portions of Europe and the Middle East

Açıklama:

The Romans liked to believe that they were descended in a direct line from Ancient Greece, the major civilization that prevailed before them in Europe and the Middle East.
The Romans liked to believe that they were descended in a direct line from Ancient Greece, the major civilization that prevailed before them in Europe and the Middle East.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 50

The power of Western Roman Empire vanished when the last emperor was forced by a Germanic leader in ___________.
Which of the following completes the sentence above?

475 CE

476 CE

477 CE

478 CE

479 CE

Açıklama:

The empire was split in two, and under attack by barbarians, the power of the mighty Western Roman Empire vanished when the last emperor was forced by a Germanic leader, Odoacer, to abdicate in 476 CE. Romans themselves liked to believe that their ancient city had entered onto the world’s stage as an important place in 753 BCE, or perhaps 509 BCE, and most today would argue that ultimately it left that stage about 476 CE, a thousand years later, when the city was taken over by barbarians.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 51

According to many legends, the city of Rome was founded in___________.
Which of the following completes the sentence above?

750 BCE

751 BCE

752 BCE

753 BCE

754 BCE

Açıklama:

the city of Rome itself was founded, according to many of the legends, in 753 BCE. Rome (or Roma, as it was originally and as it is still named in modern Italian) was said to have been ruled at first by Romulus, an Etruscan who crowned himself king.
There are many legends - the most ingrained, two founders suckling as babes on a mother wolf. And then there is the truth. Thus, the city of Rome itself was founded, according to many of the legends, in 753 BCE.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 52

Which of the following cannot be a true statement about the social and philosophical implications of Rome’s origin?

Rome was based in part on the older civilization of Greece.

There had been ancient Greek settlements, especially in Sicily.

Italy was invaded by Etruscans, a Germanic tribe.

A part of Roman origin is ascribed to Indo-European forbears.

Ancient Rome was born in an environment where many peoples from a variety of origins mingled.

Açıklama:

The Social and Philosophical Implications of Rome’s Origins
While the beautifully written story of the wanderings of Aeneas from Troy to Rome is probably not at all true, the fact is that the implications of it might well be. How? History is complex, and all observers see it a bit differently: Rome was based in part on the older civilization of Greece. The ancient Greeks gave the world philosophy, cultivation of the world of the mind, and love of learning and logic; the Romans added to this a set of structures for organizing government and society efficiently and effectively. Perhaps the story of Aeneas is in fact a subtle modification or transmutation of the more likely invasion of Italy by those famous and successful foreign warriors, the Etruscans. They, too, probably came from Asia Minor, where the doomed city of Troy was located. In addition, there had been ancient Greek settlements throughout what is today southern Italy, especially in Sicily. Third, some also ascribe a part
Doğru seçenek C, Etruscans are believed to be from Asia Minor

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 53

Which of the following cannot be a criterion for Ancient Rome to be considered as a civilization?

They built infrastructure for public to be used.

They settled down in close communities and cities.

They built a complex society and culture.

They domesticated animals and planted crops on a regular basis.

They continued hunter-gatherer lifestyle.

Açıklama:

However, at one point most of your ancestors left off following the hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Instead, they started living in settled communities, becoming part of what we may label civilization. They have settled down in centralized, generally somewhat more urban areas. The civilized life was made possible by the first and no doubt greatest revolution in all history: the agricultural revolution.
Once in a civilization, people built a complex society and culture. They domesticated animals and planted crops on a regular basis, enabling them to live with some predictability as to the source of their nourishment. They were protected from the dangers that afflicted them previously, when they lived in the wild and were hunter-gatherers.
Hunter-gatherer lifestyle was a lifestyle before establishing a civilization.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 54

Which of the following names is not cited in the legends or accounts of the origin of the city Rome?

Romulus and Remus

Aeneas

Etruscans

Ancient Greek

Arabs

Açıklama:

Among the many legends, the most ingrained is about the two founders who are represented as suckling as babes on a mother wolf. Rome was said to have been ruled at first by one of these brothers, Romulus, an Etruscan who crowned himself king. Romans believed that he and his twin brother Remus had been born the sons of a Vestal Virgin. Another view is that the Romans liked to believe that they were descended in a direct line from Ancient Greece, the major civilization that prevailed before them in Europe and the Middle East. Their main legend of origin was recorded in the great work The Aeneid, written by Virgil (70 - 19 BCE). According to this epic poem, Aeneas, a warrior of Troy and son of a prince of Troy and the goddess Athena, was a valiant fighter for the doomed city of Troy, but when the city finally fell to its besiegers, he led a band of his people westward to found, eventually and after much wandering, the city of Rome, a new homeland for his divine nation with its godly origins. Historically, Rome was originally a market town dominated by the Etruscans, migrants who most likely were originally from Anatolia. As a result, the names in all choices except Choice E - Arabs appear in recounts of the origin of the city Rome. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 55

Which of the following lands were not among the ones occupied by the Romans?
I- Mesopotamia
II- Spain
III- South Africa
IV- North Africa
V- Some parts of Britain
VI- Gallia (France)
VII- Cyprus
VIII- Anatolia
IX- China
X- Carthage

I, IV, and VII

II, VI and VIII

I, II, V, and X

III and IX

Only X

Açıklama:

Rome expanded to all of these territories except South Africa and China. Some of these possessions lasted short. For instance, Mesopotamia remained only for three years under the control of the Roman Empire. Much of what is shown the southern frontier of the empire runs into the unoccupied desert. Around the time of Julius Caesar, just before the empire replaced the republic, military conquests had expanded the reach of Rome. At that point, all of Gallia (today’s France and Belgium and parts of Western Germany) was within it, more of North Africa (but not that much) near Carthage, Cyrene (now in Eastern Libya), Syria, Cyprus, the Cilicia region, and the Bithynia region of Northwest Anatolia. Rome never effectively penetrated far to the south in Africa, so only the coastal regions in the north. As for Carthage, in 146 BCE, the siege after the second Punic War proved to be too much for the unfortunate Carthaginians; the destruction of the city of Carthage led to the final scene of the third Punic War. Out of an estimated half a million people in Carthage, only 50,000 survived. They were taken away as slaves by the Romans. The city was burnt to the ground and the ruins ploughed over. A new Roman province, named Africa, was created in the area. To sum up, China and South Africa were not Roman territories. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 56

What was the Roman name for the Greek goddess Athena?

Minerva

Diana

Vesta

Ceres

Juno

Açıklama:

There were six female gods, starting with Juno, who, based on the Etruscan belief, was a moon goddess and originally stood as a representation of women but evolved to become more like the Greek Hera, wife of Zeus. Joining her were Minerva (Athena to the Greeks), Venus (Aphrodite to the Greeks), Diana (Artemis), Vesta (Hestia to the Greeks), and Ceres (Demeter to the Greeks). Thus, the correct answer for Athena is choice A - Minerva.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 57

Who was the first Roman emperor who converted to Christianity and ensured tolerance for Christians with his Edict of Milan?

Nero

Diocletian

Constantine

Galerius

Julius Caesar

Açıklama:

When Christians refused to pay homage to Roman gods and the dead emperors, seen as gods by the Romans, the empire turned against them and advocating Christianity was punishable by death. When in 64 CE the city burned, the Emperor Nero unfairly blamed the Christians; many Christians were killed based on the false charge. Major persecutions of Christians followed in the early fourth century, led by the co-emperors Diocletian and Galerius, who saw Christianity as a threat to their rule. In 306 CE, Constantine converted to Christianity and became the Roman emperor. In 314, his Edict of Milan ensured tolerance for Christians throughout the Roman Empire. Julius Caesar lived before the emergence of Christianity (born 100 or 102 BCE). The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 58

Which of the following stamps/encryptions can be commonly found on Roman monuments that still survive today?

Veni, vidi, vici

SPQR (Senatus Populusque Romanus)

Sic transit Gloria Mundi

Pax Romana

Three-headed monster

Açıklama:

Rome was led by Senators who legislated. The city was not to be ruled based on arbitrary decisions taken by a king, an autocrat, but rather on deliberation. The leaders themselves came from a group of advisers that Romulus supposedly had formed to guide him; their descendants became known as the patricians. They became the leading class of Roman citizens, a subgroup of about five percent of the population, and would ultimately constitute the men who were to serve at the helm of Rome for five hundred years during the Republic and, subsequently, the Empire. The importance of the Senate for Roman history cannot be emphasized enough; when looking around Roman monuments that still survive one will see stamped on them SPQR - Senatus Populusque Romanus (the Roman Senate and People). It can be found on coins, weapons, and anything possessed by the state. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 59

Which of the following is the term used for lower class citizens?

Patricians

Praetors

Questors

Plebeians

Latifundia

Açıklama:

The plebeians were the non-aristocratic, ordinary class. In the early years, roughly 80 % of the citizens were not patricians but rather plebeians, the lower classes. The plebeians themselves were gradually differentiated by stratification. Those who could not afford to serve as soldiers because they did not have the money to purchase weaponry were called the proletarians. Below them were the poorest of the plebeians, simply considered as numbers, without families or money. The correct choice is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 60

Which of the following public duty role was given by the Roman republic to citizens for six months in the event of a crisis to guarantee stability while enabling Rome to handle crises?

Dictator

Proletarian

Consul

Pontifex Maximus

General

Açıklama:

An interesting feature of the Roman government was the post of dictator. If there was a crisis at hand, the Romans could appoint a dictator, but his power could only last for six months. This, combined with the allocation of powers to plebeians as well as patricians, helped to guarantee stability while enabling Rome to handle crises. As an example, in 458 BCE Cincinnatus, a poor patrician was working on a small farm when the call from his country came. Although he questioned why he was being chosen, he accepted the request of delegates and was appointed temporary dictator so that he could rescue an army that had been surrounded by the enemy. Cincinnatus formed his army, engaged the enemy, and defeated it - all in fifteen days, seeing Rome through the emergency. He then resigned and returned to the farm, interested only in doing his duty, public service, not in grabbing political power or becoming rich or powerful. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 61

Who was Hannibal?

A senate member of Rome

A Roman soldier who was successful in Egypt

A great Roman writer

An infamous Roman criminal

A Carthaginian general

Açıklama:

Hannibal was a Carthaginian general who became important in Roman history with the second Punic War. Carthaginian victory in Spain was followed by a dramatic drive of the great general, Hannibal, sweeping on from Iberia up through the south of France. He led his army in a huge attack on Italy, flanking the Roman heartland from the west and north. Hannibal brought with him an immense military force, complete with elephants, crossing the Alps. He then descended into Italy, winning huge victories at Lake Trasimene and Cannae, where he destroyed a Roman army twice his size. Rome barely survived because the military cleverly attacked Hannibal’s supply lines back in Spain and France - stretched thin as they already were - and disrupted those lines, keeping reinforcements from reaching Hannibal in Italy. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 62

Which of the following was not a field that Romans set highly significant or innovative examples for the civilized world?

Architecture

Drama

Administration system

Law

Sculpture

Açıklama:

Rome, while not a cultural desert, did not innovate in art, drama, or philosophy. However, Romans were leading in architecture by building beautiful cities and buildings, massive water works, roads that ran long distances, bathhouse, arches and domes. There also came the Roman rule of law, a gift that keeps on giving to civilized humanity to the present day. A uniform system of administration came with the spread of Rome’s domains, bringing tax collectors and others over the huge distances that often separated the capital from the provinces. Similarly, Roman sculpture was frequently found, especially in busts connected with worship of the emperors. The Romans imitated Greek sculpture but wound up with a unique mix, reflecting the huge growth of the empire. Some of their creations of stone and bronze were of the first rank. As Rome grew, did its sculpture, with ever larger works. They grew to be immense and often out of proportion. So, while the Roman civilization did not advance architecture or sculpture notably, it brought construction on a huge scale and built upon Greek and other antecedents, bringing beauty, form and function to the masses. The correct answer is B - Drama.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 63

Which of the following was the main way of entertaining the lower-class masses and keeping them busy?

Politics

Literature

Bread and circuses

Art

Hippodrome chariot races

Açıklama:

The leading citizens were able to exclude masses from politics. Besides fighting foreign wars, the masses could be kept occupied, entertained, with the horrible public displays of savagery that occurred in the Circus. There, the masses were appeased through “bread and circuses,” matches in which people were thrown to fight for their lives against wild beasts; or contests in which gladiators fought to the death or were viciously murdered in front of the crowds, often because of a frivolous gesture by spectators; or displays in which conquered people were killed in the public. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 64

Which event gave way to Rome to extend its direct control over much of Italy?

Second Punic war

Fall of the Etruscans

Occupation of Mesopotamia

The defeat of Carthage

Occupation of Gallia

Açıklama:

After the fall of the Etruscans, Rome began to expand its reach, incorporating neighboring areas. In the process of the huge second Punic War, Rome expanded its direct control over much of Italy. Moreover, the war meant that Rome had also become embroiled in Greek affairs, since some of the Greek cities were allied with Carthage and others opposed. Those in opposition to Carthage called to Rome for help. Soon, as a result, Rome was expanding throughout these Greek areas, as well.
The defeat of the old enemy Carthage brought Spain and northern Africa under Roman control. And, following the rule of the Emperor Augustus, additional provinces were subjected to the thumb of Rome.
The Second Punic war gave way to Rome to extend its direct control over much of Italy. The correct answer is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 65

Which of the following is a religious event related to the first stage when we consider the three major stages that Roman religion went through?

The public religion grew to absorb ideas of the deities

Gods were worshipped for specific purposes

Romans believed in ancient myths

Astrology became a very popular belief system

The cult of Cybele entered Roman life

Açıklama:

First, in the early years of the Republic, Romans believed in ancient myths and worshipped spirits that they thought governed their households. Generally, the deities were agricultural in nature, such as Robigo, the averter of plant rust. There were two interesting classes of Roman deities:
The correct answer is C. A and B are about the second stage whereas D and E are related to the third stage.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 66

When did Christianity become the sole authorized official religion of Rome?

In 1st Century CE

In 4th Century CE

In 7th Century CE

In 15th Century CE

In 2nd Century BCE

Açıklama:

The tables were eventually turned when in 306 CE Constantine, who converted to Christianity, became the Roman emperor. In 314, seven years later, his Edict of Milan ensured tolerance for Christians throughout the Roman Empire. In 330 CE Constantine renamed Byzantium the New Rome and made it his capital. And then, in 380 CE, Christianity became the sole authorized official religion of Rome and its empire. Roughly a decade after that, in 391 CE, Emperor Theodosius forbade the practice of all religions except Christianity. No longer was the Roman Empire to tolerate all non-threatening religions.
Christianity become the sole authorized official religion of Rome in 380 CE, which is in 4th Century CE.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 67

Which of the following cannot be attributed to the Plebeians?

They composed 80% of the citizens and represented lower classes

All Plebeians were citizens but could not check the power of the patricians

They threatened to secede from Rome when patricians had seized too much power

They threatened Rome to establish a rival colony when patricians had seized too much power

Plebeians were granted the right to elect tribunes to represent their interests in the government

Açıklama:

The Plebeians
Who were the people of Rome, in addition to the leadership class of patricians? In the early years, roughly 80 % of the citizens were not patricians but rather plebeians, the lower classes. Excluded were slaves who did not matter for republican purposes and who were treated with a savagery that modern man would condemn totally.
When in the fifth century BCE the plebeians felt that the patricians had seized too much power, they threatened to secede from Rome and establish a rival colony. As a result, they were granted the right to elect tribunes to represent their interests in the government. These men could interfere in government, with the right to veto measures that they thought unfair.
The plebeians themselves were gradually differentiated by stratification. Those who could not afford to serve as soldiers because they did not have the money to purchase weaponry were called the proletarians. Below them were the poorest of the
The correct answer is B: "They could check the power of the patricians."

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 68

Which Roman writer presented the mythical origins of Rome in the work, the Aeneid?

Cicero

Horace

Juvenal

Livy

Virgil

Açıklama:

Virgil caught the spirit of the Roman civilization. He adopted Rome’s mission, was a true patriot, and sought to bring the farmer back as the foundation of Roman society. Of course, in his masterwork, The Aeneid, he not only presented the (mythical) origins of Rome but foresaw a beautiful future for his beloved city.
The correct answer is E: "Virgil".

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 69

Which of the folks listed are the origins of the Romans?

Etruscans

Germans

Vikings

Gauls

Celts

Açıklama:

The city of Rome was born at a ford upstream from where Italy’s Tiber River empties into the Mediterranean Sea. Originally a market town dominated by the Etruscans, migrants who most likely were originally from Anatolia, the city state in 509 BCE overthrew the last of the ruling Etruscan kings and created the Roman Republic as a replacement.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 70

What is the origin of the leader Odoacer, who ended Western Roman Empire?

Gaulish

German

Saxon

Celt

Viking

Açıklama:

Western Roman Empire vanished when the last emperor was forced by a Germanic leader, Odoacer, to abdicate in 476 CE. Rome fell.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 71

Which language is not a Latin-origin language?

Rhacto

Spanish

Catalan

Amazigh

French

Açıklama:

Latin went on to become mother to dozens of Romance languages spoken to this day (such as Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Rhaeto-Romansch, Romanian, and Ladino); it is also related, if distantly, to other Indo-European languages such as Russian and other Slavic languages, and such as Sanskrit and its offshoots across South Asia. "Amazigh" is not one of these Latin-rooted languages.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 72

Which one is the probable origins of Roman folk?

Greek

European

Scandinavian

Anatolian

North African

Açıklama:

The Etruscans were a people with probable origins in Anatolia, in Asia, perhaps migrating west at the end of the Hittite empire, but of whom little is known to this day.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 73

Which event brought Roman Empire the control of Spanish and North African lands?

Viking War

Anatolia Campaign

Greece Campaign

Carthage Victory

Saxon Campaign

Açıklama:

The defeat of the old enemy Carthage brought Spain and northern Africa under Roman control. And, following the rule of the Emperor Augustus, additional provinces were subjected to the thumb of Rome.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 74

What is the name of Roman deity which averts the plant rust?

Rugaru

Robigo

Ragnar

Rodega

Roveron

Açıklama:

First, in the early years of the Republic, Romans believed in ancient myths and worshipped spirits that they thought governed their households. Generally, the deities were agricultural in nature, such as Robigo, the averter of plant rust.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 75

What is the name of the cult believed in a powerful god who could move the heavens, it advanced the idea of fatalism?

Mithraism

Judaism

Paganism

Zionism

Animism

Açıklama:

Mithraism, probably brought back to Rome by soldiers who traveled to the east and perhaps related to astrology; only men were admitted as members. The cult believed in a powerful god who could move the heavens, it advanced the idea of fatalism and avowed a lack of personal responsibility for what happens in life. Bulls were slaughtered at the Mithraic ceremonies and in the caves where the followers met are found depictions of scorpions, dogs, snakes, and lots of blood.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 76

Which emperor declared Christianism as the official religion?

Maximus Desidus

Horatius

Constantine

Gla
Constantine
dius

Commodus

Açıklama:

In 314, seven years later, his Edict of Milan ensured tolerance for Christians throughout the Roman Empire. In 330 CE Constantine renamed Byzantium the New Rome and made it his capital. And then, in 380 CE, Christianity became the sole authorized official religion of Rome and its empire. Roughly a decade after that, in 391 CE, Emperor Theodosius forbade the practice of all religions except Christianity. No longer was the Roman Empire to tolerate all non-threatening religions.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 77

Which of the war were the most important institution underlying Rome’s expansion to include societies east and west?

Pax Romana

Mesopotamia Victory

Viking Crusades

Barbarian invasions

Punic Wars

Açıklama:

Certainly, the Punic Wars were the most important institution underlying Rome’s
expansion to include societies east and west. Of all the wars involving Rome, none were more important than the three on-and-off outbursts of fighting known collectively as the Punic Wars. This series of battles began in 264 BCE and ended almost a century later, in 146 BCE.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 78

What is the name famous lawyer and Stoic philosopher who translated ancient Greek text to elegant Latin?

Horace

Juvenal

Livy

Maximus Desidus

Cicero

Açıklama:

Cicero, who held political and legal positions at an early age, was a prolific writer. A successful and courageous lawyer, in his speeches, letters, and treatises he drew upon Greek Stoic thought, arguing that pursuing justice was the highest public duty; further,
we are to live in accordance with nature and duty, virtue and service. Able to translate Greek philosophy into elegant Latin, his command of prose, his well-organized and clear writing, set a high level for students of philosophy that lasted generations.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 79

Which of the following is the epic poem written by Virgil which tells the origins of the Roman Empire?

The Illiad

Odyssey

Aeneid

The Romus

Punic Wars

Açıklama:

Soru 1

In exchange of what did the small farmers join in the military service in the Byzantine society?

Gold

Land

Wheat

Silver

Salt

Açıklama:

Byzantine society consisted of both wealthy landowners and small farmers, the latter of whom were often drafted into military service in exchange for land from the government.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 2

Which dictator transformed the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire in 44 BCE?

Diocletian

Augustus

Julius Caesar

Constantine

Arcadius

Açıklama:

The Roman Republic transformed into the mighty Roman Empire with the dictatorship of Julius Caesar in 44 BCE and the ascension to power of Augustus Caesar in 31 CE.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 3

In 528 CE, what practice did Justinian force upon all pagans?

Prohibition of Pagan symbolism

To own a Bible

To attend Christians churches

To wear Christian garments

To undergo Christian Baptism

Açıklama:

The influence of ancient Greece and its culture was immense, and thus many residents of Constantinople continued to worship the old Greek gods. Emperor Justinian put a stop to this in 528 CE, when he forced all pagans to undergo Christian baptism.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 4

What controversial religious policy did Emperor Leo III introduce in 726 CE?

Abolition of collective prayer

Abolition of image worship

The acceptance of Christ being both human and divine

Prohibition of Latin Bibles

Abolition of Pagan ceremonies

Açıklama:

Emperor Leo III was convinced that idol worship was sinful. In 726 CE, he implemented a policy which sought to abolish image worship.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 5

Which Emperor ruled the Eastern Empire after being divided in 395 CE?

Constantine

Julius Caesar

Honorius

Diocletian

Arcadius

Açıklama:

Arcadius ruled the Eastern Empire from 395 to 408 CE and his brother Honorius served as Western Roman Emperor from 393 to 423.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 6

For what reason did Emperor Justinian move the university in Athens to Constantinople in the sixth century?

The threat of war

Economic difficulties

Concern over the pagan traditions of Athens

Concern over decreased enrolment

For political gain

Açıklama:

Much of the population was educated. In the early years of the empire the greatest university was at Athens. The university was moved from Athens to Constantinople by Emperor Justinian in the sixth century because of his concern over the strong pagan traditions of Athens.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 7

The Codex Justinianus, later known as the Code of Justinian was originally published in what language?

Latin

Arabic

Italian

Persian

Greek

Açıklama:

The immense work of codification resulted in the Codex Justinianus, later known as the Code of Justinian or, after a printed edition of 1583, appeared as the Corpus Juris Civilis. This became the basis for civil law throughout Western Europe. It was written and distributed in Latin.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 8

Santa Sophia, originally built by the Emperor Constantius in 360 CE was destroyed in 404 CE and rebuilt by Emperor Theodosius II in 415 CE. What caused its destruction?

Flooding

Fire

Earthquake

Riots

Hurricane

Açıklama:

Justinian’s church Santa Sophia was not the first to be erected on the site. The original building was set in place by the Emperor Constantius in 360 CE. The church burned in 404 CE and was rebuilt by the Emperor Theodosius II in 415 CE.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 9

What was the name of The city of Byzantium’s half-mythical founder?

Byzantius

Byzatia

Constantine

Byzas

Julius Caesar

Açıklama:

The city of Byzantium was named after its half mythical founder, Byzas.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 10

Which group defeated the imperial armies in 1071 allowing them to capture Emperor Romanus IV?

The Hungarians

The Turks

The Persians

The Greeks

The Normans

Açıklama:

The Normans drove out the Byzantines from southern Italy; the Hungarians conducted raids throughout the Balkan region; and the Turks defeated the imperial armies in 1071 and captured the Emperor Romanus IV.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 11

As a result of which did the Commonwealth of Byzantium fall?

The attack by Ottoman Turks

The built of New Rome by Constantine

The division of Roman Empire as West and East

The ascension to power of Augustus Caesar

The dictatorship of Julius Caesar

Açıklama:

Only when the capital city was attacked and defeated by the Ottoman Turks in 1453 CE did the Commonwealth of Byzantium fall. Doğru cevap A'dır.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 12

The emperor at Constantinople played two roles simultaneously: the role of the emperor and the role of pope.
Which following notion does the situation above explain?

iconoclasm

latifundia

caesaropapism

monophysites

teoism

Açıklama:

The emperor at Constantinople played two roles simultaneously: the role of the emperor and the role of pope. This became known as “caesaropapism”. Doğru cevap C’dir.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 13

Which of the following groups of people have not continued their religious practices as Monophysites to this day?

Egyptians

Syrians

Ethiopians

Armenian Christians

African Americans

Açıklama:

To this day, the Egyptian, Syrian, Ethiopian, and Armenian Christians continue their religious practices as Monophysites, not the African Americans. Doğru cevap E’dir.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 14

Which one of the following is not true about the culture of Byzantine civilization?

Books were widely read among the Byzantines.

Much of the Byzantine population was educated.

The men who filled the ranks of the empire’s bureaucracy were learned graduates.

The cultural emphasis was on physics and biology.

In the early years of the empire the greatest university was at Athens.

Açıklama:

Books were widely circulated and read among the Byzantines. Much of the population was educated. In the early years of the empire the greatest university was at Athens. The university was moved from Athens to Constantinople by Emperor Justinian in the sixth century because of his concern over the strong pagan traditions of Athens. Further, the men who filled the ranks of the empire’s bureaucracy, of the Byzantine church and of the court system, generally were learned graduates, men who had studied at the university. The cultural emphasis, as seen in the literature, was on philosophy, astronomy, geometry, rhetoric, music, literature, grammar, law, medicine, and arithmetic. Doğru cevap D’dir.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 15

Which one of the following is not a chariot-racing faction in the Byzantine era?

The Reds

The Blues

The Greys

The Greens

The Whites

Açıklama:

In the Byzantine era, the term was used to refer to one of four chariot-racing factions, the Reds, the Blues, the Greens, and the Whites. Doğru cevap C’dir.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 16

By which emperor was Santa Sophia church, which is known today by the appellation Hagia Sophia dedicated in 537 CE?

Theophilus

Justinian

Constantine

Leo III

Diocletian

Açıklama:

In Constantinople, the Church called Santa Sophia, which is known today by the appellation Hagia Sophia - or Divine Wisdom - was dedicated by the Emperor Justinian in 537 CE. Doğru cevap B’dir.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 17

The Byzantine capital, Constantinople was purposely situated at the crossroads of trade routes going east and west as well as north and south. The city was either a terminus or a port of call to which ships came from around the globe. Where were “furs and hides, grain, salt and wine” coming from?

India

Syria

Africa

Scandinavia

the Black Sea

Açıklama:

The city was either a terminus or a port of call to which ships came from around the globe. From the Black Sea came furs and hides, grain, salt and wine. From India, Ceylon, Syria and Arabia came spices, precious stones, and silk. From Africa, and from Scandinavia and Russia, came slavery and ivory, and from the West, especially Italy, came merchants to buy these products. Doğru cevap E’dir.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 18

How long did The Byzantine Empire last for?

11 centuries

13 centuries

15 centuries

17 centuries

19 centuries

Açıklama:

The Byzantine Empire, an extension of the old Roman Empire, lasted for eleven centuries. Doğru cevap A’dır.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 19

Who succeeded Diocletian as the emperor of the old Roman Empire In 306 CE and re-united the Western and the Eastern Roman empire?

Theophilus

Justinian

Constantine

Theodosius

Leo III

Açıklama:

In 306 CE Constantine succeeded Diocletian as the emperor of the old Roman Empire. In so doing he re-united the Western and the Eastern Roman empire and became the sole emperor of both. Doğru cevap C’dir.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 20

When did Heraclius become emperor and temporarily possessed Mesopotamia?

In 330

In 476

In 610

In 726

In 1014

Açıklama:

In 610 Heraclius became emperor and temporarily possessed Mesopotamia. Doğru cevap C’dir.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 21

Which of the following emperors moved the capital city from Rome to the old fortress city by the Bosphorus, called Byzantium at the time?

Diocletian

Constantine

Julius Caesar

Justinian

Augustus

Açıklama:

In 306 CE, Constantine became emperor of the entire Roman empire, east and west, and decided to move the capital city from Rome to an old fortress city on the Bosphorus, then called Byzantium. He wanted it to be called New Rome but the city gradually adopted the name of Constantinople in his honor. The correct choice is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 22

The Byzantine society was divided into political factions which were seen especially at chariot races. Which of the following represented the social group consisting of the wealthy, aristocratic and supporters of Orthodoxy?

The Purples

The Greens

The Blues

The Reds

The Whites

Açıklama:

Society was divided into political factions and these were seen especially at chariot races where the Blues, representing the wealthy and supporters of Orthodoxy in religion, raced against the Greens, representing the rest of the population, mostly heterodox in religion. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 23

Which of the following refers to the system in which the emperor was absolute ruler of both the church (Christianity) and the state?

Iconoclasm

Theme

Patriarchy

Exarchate

Caesaropapism

Açıklama:

Unlike in the old Roman Empire, in the Byzantine Empire the emperor was absolute ruler of both church (Christianity) and state under a system called “caesaropapism.” The emperor himself presided over major theological debates and conferences, such as the Council of Nicaea. The correct answer is E.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 24

Which of the following was the main issue discussed in the Council of Nicaea (İznik) summoned by Constantine?

Whether the Roman emperors should be accepted as gods and be worshipped

Whether the Catholic church is more superior than the Orthodox church

Whether the Arian belief that Jesus is a human, separate from God himself is true

Which version of the Bible is the most accurate and should be used as a basis for reference

Whether Christianity should become the official religion and others should be banished

Açıklama:

The Council of Nicaea (Iznik) was a meeting to which bishops and other leaders from all the major churches of the Christian faith and as far away as Britain were invited in 325 CE to resolve a theological dispute. The issue under debate was the church attitude toward the views of a group, the Arians, followers of a priest from Alexandria named Arius (250- 336 CE) who emphasized the uniqueness of God the Father and maintained that Jesus had been a man like all other men, not a part of God himself. Opposed to that view was one which maintained that Jesus Christ had been simultaneously both human and divine. The Council of Nicaea attendees decided to opt for the latter view, ruling that God was coeternal and begotten from the same substance as God the Father. The correct answer is C.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 25

Which of the following is not one of the main sources of conflicts that damaged the Byzantine Empire?

Theological controversies such as abolishing iconoclasm or Arianism

Latifundia lands owned by wealthy cultivators

The decreasing number of free military peasants available

The use of Greek language over time instead of Latin

The private armies owned by powerful landowners

Açıklama:

The controversy over the nature of Christ, the relationship between what was human and what divine in Christ caused disputes in the Byzantine world. It weakened permanently the Byzantine society’s cohesiveness. This contributed to weakening of the imperial defenses against the Muslims. The new theological controversies, which ran from the fourth century CE to the late seventh century CE, eventually led to the loss of the eastern provinces of the empire. As for choices B, C, and E, even though the latifundia system worked well at the beginning, it caused the landowners to gain excess power while the number of free military peasants decreased since the latter became serfs to rich land owners. Hence, the military of the empire weakened as soldiers became workers for the rich. The armies possessed by the wealthy posed a threat to the throne. On the other hand, even though Latin was the official language of early Constantinople, as it was of the entire Roman Empire, that language was replaced by Greek after the sixth century CE. Greek, which had long been the vernacular in Constantinople anyway, became the language of government in Byzantium. The Byzantine Empire was profoundly influenced by the Greek language, religious elements, literature and classical culture. As time went by Byzantine scholars and religious figures did not have to, nor did they tend to, learn to read Latin. While Greek culture had been central to the ancient Romans, and while the pagan religion of the Greeks had been adopted almost wholesale by the Romans, as Greek speakers located near Greece, the Byzantines were inspired much more deeply by the philosophy and literature of classical Greece than they were affected by the thinking and writing of classical Rome. Over time, Greek became the main language used. The Byzantines called themselves Romans but the language that was the medium in their empire became Greek. Therefore, although it had begun its work in the Latin language, it moved to Greek without causing major conflicts. The correct answer is D.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 26

What does Haghia Sophia mean?

Divine Wisdom

Holy Trinity

Spiritual Leader

Jesus’s Mother

Pilgrim Sophie

Açıklama:

The church called Santa Sophia is known today by the appellation Hagia Sophia, which means ‘Divine Wisdom.’

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 27

Which of the following nations contributed to the transmission of the world knowledge of great Greek thinkers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle by copying their writings by hand and passing them down to generations?

Arabs

Turks

French

Egyptians

Germans

Açıklama:

The Arabs served the world as great transmitters of knowledge. The Byzantines preserved world knowledge of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Homer, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and other great Greek thinkers; their writings were copied by hand through generations and then passed down to us via the Arabs. The correct choice is A.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 28

Which one referred to the re-compilation efforts (528-533 CE) of the laws and covered the legal works since the reign of Hadrian laying the foundations for future civil law throughout Western Europe?

Digest

Pax Romana

Basilics

Demes

Codex Justinianus

Açıklama:

The Digest was a codification of laws before Hadrian. Pax Romana means Roman Peace. Basilics was a new collection of laws at a later period (896-912 CE) under Leo, initiated by Leo’s father Basilius. Demes were the two rival parties the Blues an d the Greens. The correct answer is E, Codex Justinianus. This immense work of codification named Codex Justinianus, later known as the Code of Justinian or, after a printed edition of 1583, appeared as the Corpus Juris Civilis. This became the basis for civil law throughout Western Europe.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 29

What was the reason for the Niki revolt in 532 CE?

Latifundia owners wanted special favors about the taxes they paid to the empire.

Justinianus refused to be merciful to two escaped criminals from two demes.

Jusitinianus forced pagans to convert to Christianity stopping the worshipping of Greek gods.

Justinianus used up almost all resources of the state treasury to build Hagia Sophia.

Most peasant and urban people did not have any or very little formal education.

Açıklama:

While all of the facts in the choices were true for the Byzantine Empire, the reason for the Niki revolt was that the members of the Blues and the Greens had come together in the Hippodrome to compel Emperor Justinian to be merciful to two escaped criminals. Emperor Justinian would not agree to the request. The crowds rose in revolt against the emperor; they burned down many public buildings in the city, including Saint Sophia. Peasants who had fled their farms as result of heavy taxation joined that day with the demes in what became a major crowd movement, a sort of revolution. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 30

Which of the following were the manufactured commodities which the Byzantine emperors maintained a monopoly upon until the eleventh century?

I- fur
II- salt
III- silk textiles
IV- spices
V- gold embroidery
VI- ivory
VII- purple dye

I, III and IV

III, V and VII

II, V and VI

I, IV and V

II, IV and VI

Açıklama:

The city Constantinople was a port where ships came from around the globe. From the Black Sea came furs and hides, grain, salt and wine. From India, Ceylon, Syria and Arabia came spices, precious stones, and silk. From Africa, and from Scandinavia and Russia, came slavery and ivory. The emperors maintained a monopoly on the manufacture and sale of silk textiles, gold embroidery and purple dye until the eleventh century. The correct answer is B.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 31

Nearly how long did the Byzantine Empire last?

10 centuries

11 centuries

12 centuries

13 centuries

14 centuries

Açıklama:

He wanted it to be called New Rome but the city gradually adopted the name of Constantinople in his honor. Politics dictated that soon the east and west would separate again, and the western portion of the Roman Empire fell to the Germanic tribes in 476 CE. Thereupon, the eastern portion became known as the Byzantine Empire, a civilization and polity which lasted eleven hundred years.
Doğru seçenek B
Byzantine Empire, a civilization and polity, which lasted eleven hundred years

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 32

In what way was Constantine’s form of Christianity different from the early Christianity of the old Roman Empire?

All pagans underwent Christian baptism

Byzantine religion escaped the implications of classical Greek assumptions

Byzantium Christianity attached itself to its western Roman counterpart

They disagreed with the Roman clerics on matters of doctrine, ritual, and church authority

There was also a glaring similarity in the relationship of the Church between the West and the East

Açıklama:

From these debates arose what is called to this day Orthodox Christianity. Byzantium church officials did not agree with the Roman clerics on matters of doctrine, ritual, and church authority.
Doğru seçenek D

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 33

Which of the following is not an issue in caesropapism?

Emperor could impose new religious dogma

The church was a department of the state

Emperor was the head for all practical purposes

The emperor in Constantinople played the role of pope

The emperor in Constantinople played the role of emperor

Açıklama:

In the Byzantine structure of government and religion, the church was a department of the state and, thus, for all practical purposes the emperor was the head. In fact, one of the emperor’s titles was “Equal to the Apostles.” Thus, the emperor at Constantinople played two roles simultaneously: the role of the emperor and the role of pope. This became known as “caesaropapism”. The emperor, although absolute in his powers, could not impose new religious dogma without church support, however. So, the emperors at Byzantium maintained close working relationships with church leaders.
Doğru seçenek A
The emperor, although absolute in his powers, could not impose new religious dogma without church support, however.

Doğru Cevap: A

What is the origin of the tribes who invaded Western Roman Empire?

Germanic

Hispanic

Turkic

North African

Slavic

Açıklama:

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 42

What is the official religon of Byzantine Empire?

Christianity

Paganism

İslam

Jewism

Animism

Açıklama:

Religion may be the most enduring and fascinating aspect of the Byzantine Civilization.
Emperor Constantine had adopted Christianity as his faith and he died the first Christian emperor of the Roman Empire. After Constantine became a Christian, and saw it become accepted as a religion, and after it subsequently became the only tolerated religion, the empire slightly modified its old pagan tradition of worshipping the god-emperor. The emperor was no longer a deity; however, it was believed that he was ordained of God to rule, and his power was divine.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 43

Which language substituted Latin in Byzantine Civilization?

German

French

Dutch

Greek

English

Açıklama:

Although Latin was the official language of early Constantinople, as it was of the entire
Roman Empire, that language was replaced by Greek after the sixth century CE. Greek, which had long been the vernacular in Constantinople anyway, became the language of government in Byzantium. As a result, as time went by Byzantine scholars and religious figures did not have to, nor did they tend to, learn to read Latin.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 44

Where did the Constantine gather the first bishop's council?

Jerusalem

Rome

Nicaea

Konstantinopolis

Vatican

Açıklama:

This can be observed clearly through one event. A very important early move taken by
Constantine himself was to summon the Council of Nicaea (Iznik), a meeting to which bishops and other leaders from all the major churches of the Christian faith and as far away as Britain were invited in 325 CE to resolve a theological dispute. The emperor organized the meeting along the lines of the Roman Senate and he presided, although he did not cast a vote.

Doğru Cevap: C

Which of the following is true for the Western Rome?

It was very productive and wealthy.

It was militarily a defensible site.

It was invaded by Germans.

The last emperor was Augustulus.

III-IV

I-II

I-III

II-IV

I-IV

Açıklama:

Western Rome was invaded by Germans and the last emperor was Augustulus.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 53

3. Which of the following is true for the Romans before they accepted christianity?
i. They were Pagans
ii. They were under the influence of Greek culture
iii. Local bishops had the power.
iv. God was considered to be unique.

a. İ-ii

b. İi-iii

c. İii-iv

d. İ-iii

e. İi-iv

Açıklama:

i.They were Pagans
ii. They were under the influence of Greek culture

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 54

4. What is known as caesaropapism?

a. The emperor playing the role of the pope and the emperor at the same time is known as caesaropapism.

b. The emperor being the bishop at the same time is known as caesaropapism.

c. The power of the emperor to impose a new religious dogma is known as caesaropapism.

d. Anti-Arian position of the emperor is known as caesaropapism.

e. The emperor being only the head of the state caesaropapism is known as caesaropapism.

Açıklama:

a. The emperor playing the role of the pope and the emperor at the same time is known as caesaropapism.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 55

5. What were Latifundia?

a. They were large estates owned by rich people.

b. They were landless peasants.

c. They were plots of land of military people.

d. They were plots of land owned by free peasants.

e. They were small estates of the government.

Açıklama:

a. They were large estates owned by rich people.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 56

6. Which of the following explain the new system of military government in 7th & 8th centuries?
i. It gave importance on the Military only.
ii. It combined civil and military administration.
iii. Independent farmers became soldiers.

a. İi-iii

b. İii

c. İ-ii

d. İ-iii

e. i

Açıklama:

ii. It combined civil and military administration.
iii. Independent farmers became soldiers.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 57

7. Who are exarchs?

a. They were both commanders and the civil governers.

b. They were free peasants

c. They were large estate owners.

d. They were civil governers.

e. They were military people.

Açıklama:

a. They were both commanders and the civil governers.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 58

8. What was the native language of the Western Roman Empire?

a. Greek

b. Latin

c. Italian

d. Greek and Latin

e. Italian and Latin

Açıklama:

a. Greek

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 59

9. How did the Byzantines start silk manufacturing?

a. They got the idea from China.

b. They got the idea from Persians.

c. Turks effected them.

d. They learned from the Italians.

e. They already had the idea.

Açıklama:

a. They got the idea from China.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 60

10. Which of the following indicate the major periods of the Byzantine Civilization?
i. Western portion of the Empire collapsed and eastern Roman Empire became powerful.
ii. Byzantines become stronger by fighting off invaders
iii. The Byzantine empire achieved its military and economic supremacy.
iv. The Byzantine empire started to lose power.

a. İ-ii-iii-iv

b. İ-ii

c. İi-iii

d. İii-iv

e. İ-iii-iv

Açıklama:

i. Western portion of the Empire collapsed and eastern Roman Empire became powerful.
ii. Byzantines become stronger by fighting off invaders
iii. The Byzantine empire achieved its military and economic supremacy.
iv. The Byzantine empire started to lose power.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 61

I. It lasted for eleven hundred years.
II. It was founded by Emperor Julius Caesar.
III. It was honored by the name of the emperor Constantine.
IV. It was the eastern part of the Roman Empire originally.
Which of the above is/are true about the Byzantine Civilization?

Only I

I and II

Only III

I-II and III

I-III and IV

Açıklama:

Statements I-III and IV are true about the Byzantine Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 62

Caesaropapism is the system in the Byzantine Civilization which refers to ..........

the absolute ruling of the emperor on the church and the state.

power of the religious class on the ordinary people.

the democratic laws that protect the civilians.

the management of the land by the church.

the education of the royal family.

Açıklama:

Caesaropapism is the system in the Byzantine Civilization which refers to the absolute ruling of the emperor on the church and the state.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 63

Which of the following divided the Roman Empire as the Eastern and the Western Empire?

Julius Caesar

Marcus Antonius

Diocletian

Justinian

Heraclius

Açıklama:

Emperor Diocletian divided the Roman Empire as the Eastern and the Western Empire.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 64

I. The emperor had power similar to that of God.
II. It was influenced by the Hittite Civilization deeply.
III. It had historical ties with the Roman Empire.
IV. It adopted a pagan religion.
Which of the above is/are true about the Byzantine Civilization?

Only I

Only II

I and II

III and IV

I and III

Açıklama:

Statements I and III are true about the Byzantine Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 65

The religious orientation developed within Byzantine civilization which believed that Christ was both human and divine is known as the ..........................

Monophysites

Caesaropapists

Mithrandils

Shamans

Kabbalists

Açıklama:

The religious orientation developed within Byzantine civilization which believed that Christ was both human and divine is known as the Monophysites.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 66

Which of the following is the significant religious figure came from North Africa lived from 354 to 430 CE and whose teachings contributed mightily to the development of Christianity early on?

Justinian

St. Augustine

St. Christopher

Constantine

Heraclius

Açıklama:

The defined religious figure is St. Augustine.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 67

Which of the following is the great historian of the Byzantine Civilization?

Homer

Virgil

Cicero

Procopius

Santa Sophia

Açıklama:

Procopius is the great historian of the Byzantine Civilization.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 68

Which of the following is the collection of laws which became the basis for civil law throughout Western Europe?

The Exarchs

The Institutes

The Demes

Corpus Juris Civilis

The Duce

Açıklama:

Corpus Juris Civilis is the collection of laws which became the basis for civil law throughout Western Europe.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 69

Which of the following is the Byzantine gold coin that was the standard of exchange for buying and selling goods all over the Mediterranean and in the East, lasted for many centuries?

Exarch

Demes

Nomisma

Duce

Niki

Açıklama:

Nomisma is the Byzantine gold coin that was the standard of exchange for buying and selling goods all over the Mediterranean and in the East, lasted for many centuries.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 70

Two leading rival charioteer parties in the Byzantine Civilization are named as ................

Which of the following developments occurred during the Han Dynasty and contributed to China’s cultural and economic expansion?

The flourishing of trade along the Silk Road and the promotion of education.

The widespread persecution of Buddhism and the Guangzhou Massacre.

The beginning of the Great Wall's construction and centralized legalism.

The halt of overseas voyages and isolation from the Indian Ocean world.

The declaration of the "Chinese Dream" and market socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Açıklama:

206 BCE - 220 CE - Han Dynasty promoted education, encyclopedias were written. Trade
flourished with the development of the Silk Road. Agriculture too saw positive developments
with use of better tools, crop rotation and better irrigation systems. It had excellent military
prowess and invaded parts of northern Vietnam and northern Korea.
The correct answer is A because during the Han Dynasty, the Silk Road trade network expanded and education was promoted, which significantly advanced China's culture and economy.

Doğru Cevap: A

Introductıon to World Cıvılızatıons (ENG) - Tüm Sorular

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