Communıcatıon Skılls and Academıc Reportıng I (ENG) - Uluslararası İlişkiler (İngilizce)

Use previewing and predicting strategies before reading a text
The steps of previewing and predicting are as follows:
1. Read the main title.
2. Read the sub-titles.
3. Look at the pictures, graphs, charts, maps, dates, and names.
4. Look at the footnotes, sidebars, symbols, and italicized and bold words.
5. Look at the text type, organization, and length of the text.
6. Look at the first line and final sentence of the text.
7. Use your knowledge and combine it with new information.
8. Try to predict the probable meaning of the text

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 12

To decide if you want to read something or not.

To find out the main idea or topic of a text.

To evaluate your sources while writing a research paper.

In which of the following options, purposes of skimming are listed correctly?

I-II

I-III

II-III

I-II-III

Açıklama:

Find out the main idea of a text by using a skimming strategy
Purposes of Skimming:
1. To decide if you want to read something or not.
2. To find out the main idea or topic of a text.
3. To evaluate your sources while writing a research paper.

Doğru Cevap: E

Which of the following signalling words show descriptive text structure?

Such as/most important

Next/before

Because/since

Claim/think

Similar to/unlike

Açıklama:

Skim to identify keywords necessary for reading comprehension
The purpose of descriptive text is just to describe the characteristics or features of a person, an idea, a place or a thing by listing them. Signal words for descriptive text is as folows:
Such as, for instance, for example, to illustrate, to begin with, also, most important, in front, another, besides, near, looks like, sounds like, etc.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 17

Which of the following signalling words show argumentative text structure?

Because/since

However/claim

Therefore /consequently

First/second

Such as/for instance

Açıklama:

Skim to identify keywords necessary for reading comprehension
The purpose of argumentative text is to convince the readers to believe in something.Some signal words are as follows:
Claim, support, theory, think, point of view, in fact, obviously, especially, of course, best of all, believe, however, on the other hand, in addition to, etc.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 18

Which of the following signalling words show problem and solution text structure?

Because/since

Such as/for instance

First/second

Therefore/consequently

Similar to/differ from

Açıklama:

Skim to identify keywords necessary for reading comprehension
The purpose of problem and solution text is to explain a problem and to offer
one or more solutions to this problem. Some signal words for problem and solution text are as follows:
Because, since, as a solution, the problem is, a puzzle is, question, to solve, one possible, the other, the challenge, therefore, if …then, etc.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 19

Predicting
Skim for the main ideas
Activating your background knowledge
Previewing
Set your purpose

In which of the following options, some of the steps of previewing and predicting are ordered correctly?

I-III-II-V-IV

III-II-V-IV-I

IV-II-III-I-V

IV-V-I-III-II

V-IV-I-III-II

Açıklama:

Apply steps of active reading
The steps of active reading are as follows:

Set your purpose
Previewing
Predicting
Activating your background knowledge
Skim for the main ideas

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 20

We often mistake knowledge for wisdom and wisdom for knowledge. Knowledge is potential power like a paintbrush in your hands. It is the accumulation of information and facts through reading or dialogue. Conversely, wisdom is applied knowledge-knowing exactly how to use the paintbrush to create a desired
image. It is the synthesis of experience with knowledge to derive truths that linger for the rest of your life.
What type of pattern of organisation is used in the paragraph above?

Listing

Compare-contrast

Opinion

Argumentation

Cause-effect

Açıklama:

Skim to identify keywords necessary for reading comprehension
In this paragraph, there are some words that are used for comparing knowledge and wisdom. Compare-contrast is used in the paragraph.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 21

Which of the following activities best represents the use of previewing and predicting strategies before reading a text?

Identifying unknown words using a dictionary

Looking at headings and guessing what the article is about

Reading every paragraph in detail

Comparing the structure of two texts

Checking the author’s name and skipping the introduction

Açıklama:

Previewing involves looking at titles, subheadings, and images. Predicting involves forming ideas before reading.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 22

Which of the following options best completes the sentence below?
Skimming is primarily used to _____.

Memorize all details in a passage

Translate each sentence

Find out the main idea of a text

Check grammar usage

Identify all unfamiliar words

Açıklama:

Skimming is used to grasp general meaning quickly, not details.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 23

Which part of a text would MOST LIKELY help a reader identify the structure and organisation?

The first sentence only

The use of linking phrases like “first”, “then”, “finally”

The length of each paragraph

The number of questions in it

The font style used

Açıklama:

Text structure often becomes visible through discourse markers and transitions.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 24

When reading a blog post, what could help you determine the tone of the author?

Counting the number of paragraphs

Checking how often the author repeats words

Observing the word choice (e.g. emotional or formal words)

Measuring the size of the font

Finding synonyms in a dictionary

Açıklama:

Tone is often revealed through vocabulary and expressions used.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 25

Which of the following shows that a word is a keyword in a reading text?

It is underlined or repeated.

It is difficult to pronounce.

It appears only once.

It is in italics and a long word.

It is followed by a punctuation mark.

Açıklama:

Keywords are often repeated or highlighted visually.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 26

Which step is NOT typically part of an active reading process?

Highlighting important points

Reading passively from beginning to end

Asking questions while reading

Taking notes in the margins

Summarizing the main idea after reading

Açıklama:

Active reading requires interaction with the text; passive reading is ineffective for comprehension.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 27

What is the main benefit of using previewing strategies before reading?

Understanding every grammatical detail

Improving spelling accuracy

Creating expectations that help focus on important information

Avoiding vocabulary problems

Reading more slowly and carefully

Açıklama:

Previewing helps readers focus attention and improve efficiency.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 28

Which strategy would help you identify the main idea of a news article quickly?

Reading the article aloud twice

Checking all footnotes

Writing down all new words

Highlighting proper nouns

Skimming the headline and first sentences of each paragraph

Açıklama:

The topic sentence and headline usually present the key message.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 29

What type of language might indicate a formal tone in a reading text?

Short, simple sentences with slang

Jokes and idiomatic expressions

Polite vocabulary and technical terms

Questions and exclamations

Repetition of personal experiences

Açıklama:

Formal tone includes objective and precise language.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 30

Which of the following shows a student is reading actively?

Soru 1

“It refers to accessing what you already know about the topic of a text and building an initial knowledge that you need to comprehend the text”.
Which term is explained by the above sentences?

Reading a text

Activating background knowledge

Finding the main idea

Skimming a text

Finding key words

Açıklama:

In reading comprehension and critical reading, activating background knowledge is an essential skill. It refers to accessing what you already know about the topic of a text and building an initial knowledge that you need to comprehend the text.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 2

You can ___________the key words to understand the paragraph by retrieving important information from it. These can be words such as names, locations, facts and figures.

find

detect

underline

read

get

Açıklama:

FINDING KEY WORDS IN A TEXT
You can underline the key words to understand the paragraph by retrieving important information from it. These can be words such as names, locations, facts and figures.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 3

I. In a paragraph, it is the author’s message about the topic.
II. It is usually stated directly, and can often be found in the first sentence or sometimes in the concluding sentences of a paragraph.
III. Identifying it can help you better understand a text and become a more effective reader.
Which term is described by the above sentences?

Key word

Supporting detail

The paragraph

Main idea

Background knowledge

Açıklama:

Finding main ideas
In a paragraph, the main idea is the author’s message about the topic. It is usually stated directly, and can often be found in the first sentence or sometimes in the concluding sentences of a paragraph. Identifying the main idea can help you better understand a text and become a more effective reader.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 4

After the approval of kids’ vaccination against COVID-19, some sceptics have questioned the need for kids to get vaccinated since they are less likely than adults to develop severe COVID-19. But with the delta variant, they get infected and transmit “just as readily as adults do,” Dr. Anthony Fauci said at a recent White House briefing. Moreover, since the pandemic began, at least 94 children aged 5 to 11 have died from COVID-19, more than 8,300 have been hospitalized and over 5,000 have developed a serious inflammatory condition linked to the coronavirus. Black and Latino youngsters and those with chronic conditions are among the hardest hit.
Which of the following is the main idea of the above paragraph?

After the approval of kids’ vaccination against COVID-19, some sceptics have questioned the need for kids to get vaccinated since they are less likely than adults to develop severe COVID-19.

But with the delta variant, they get infected and transmit “just as readily as adults do,” Dr. Anthony Fauci said at a recent White House briefing.

Moreover, since the pandemic began, at least 94 children aged 5 to 11 have died from COVID-19, more than 8,300 have been hospitalized and over 5,000 have developed a serious inflammatory condition linked to the coronavirus.

Black and Latino youngsters and those with chronic conditions are among the hardest hit.

Ethnic minority groups have suffered the highest risk of COVID mortality in the UK, according to the latest official figures.

Açıklama:

Finding main ideas
After the approval of kids’ vaccination against COVID-19, some sceptics have questioned the need for kids to get vaccinated since they are less likely than adults to develop severe COVID-19. But with the delta variant, they get infected and transmit “just as readily as adults do,” Dr. Anthony Fauci said at a recent White House briefing. Moreover, since the pandemic began, at least 94 children aged 5 to 11 have died from COVID-19, more than 8,300 have been hospitalized and over 5,000 have developed a serious inflammatory condition linked to the coronavirus. Black and Latino youngsters and those with chronic conditions are among the hardest hit.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 5

Bangkok’s traffic can be a nightmare. Sure, you can easily take a taxi - if you want to spend hours stuck in traffic jams - but there are two much better ways to get around the city. To explore the temples and historical sites, catch an express boat river taxi or a longtail boat along the Chao Phraya river and the canals. For the modern part of the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way to travel from the river to the shopping malls and nightlife of Sukhumvit, and the famous Chatuchak street market.
from https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/b1-intermediate-reading/a-travel-guide
Which of the following is the main idea of the above paragraph?

Sure, you can easily take a taxi - if you want to spend hours stuck in traffic jams - but there are two much better ways to get around the city.

To explore the temples and historical sites, catch an express boat river taxi or a longtail boat along the Chao Phraya river and the canals.

For the modern part of the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way to travel from the river to the shopping malls and nightlife of Sukhumvit, and the famous Chatuchak street market.

Bangkok’s traffic can be a nightmare.

It is easy to commute in Bangkok.

Açıklama:

Finding main ideas
Bangkok’s traffic can be a nightmare. Sure, you can easily take a taxi - if you want to spend hours stuck in traffic jams - but there are two much better ways to get around the city. To explore the temples and historical sites, catch an express boat river taxi or a longtail boat along the Chao Phraya river and the canals. For the modern part of the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way to travel from the river to the shopping malls and nightlife of Sukhumvit, and the famous Chatuchak street market.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 6

Which of the following is true about making inferences?

Making inferences as we read is a significant aspect of reading comprehension.

We frequently make inferences about information not provided to us in a text.

Making inferences is sometimes called “reading between the paragraphs”.

We make a guess about the clues by using what the author tells us, the way they express it, and what we already know about the topic.

We use the words available in the text as well as our own knowledge and experiences to understand what is not directly said.

Açıklama:

Making inferences as we read is a significant aspect of reading comprehension. We frequently make inferences about information provided to us in a text. This is sometimes called “reading between the lines”. We make a guess about the information by using what the author tells us, the way they express it, and what we already know about the topic. We use the clues available in the text as well as our own knowledge and experiences to infer what is not directly said.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 7

I. It refers to creating a record of important details from the text and putting information into your own words.
II. It does not mean writing down everything you read.
III. It is the process of reviewing, connecting and synthesising ideas/information from your reading.
Which term is explained by the above sentences?

Skimming

Scanning

Finding the main idea

Guessing

Note-making

Açıklama:

Note making
It refers to creating a record of important details from the text and putting information into your own words. It does not mean writing down everything you read. Note-making is the process of reviewing, connecting and synthesising ideas/information from your reading.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 8

“In this method, (1) you first write down what you already know about the topic of the text before you read it. Then, (2) you write about what you want to know by reading the text. In this part, you can ask some questions to answer later. Lastly, (3) you read the text and then, in your own words, write about what you learned from your reading”.
Which method is explained by the above sentences?

Making notes

Know, Want-to-know and Learned

Making inferences

Drawing ideas map

Identifying key words

Açıklama:

Note making
One way to make notes as you read is the KWL method. KWL stands for Know, Want-to-know and Learned. In this method, (1) you first write down what you already know about the topic of the text before you read it. Then, (2) you write about what you want to know by reading the text. In this part, you can ask some questions to answer later. Lastly, (3) you read the text and then, in your own words, write about what you learned from your reading.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 9

Ideas map is a basic diagram that enables you to _________ what you are reading and find connections between different pieces of information presented in the text.

understand

activate

know

visualize

identify

Açıklama:

Ideas map
It is a basic diagram that enables you to visualise what you are reading and find connections between different pieces of information presented in the text.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 10

When you need to read and study a text, or organise your ideas to write a text, it is useful to create an ideas map, sometimes called a ______ map, which helps you see how main ideas, supporting ideas and examples are related.

background

mind

text

note

detail

Açıklama:

When you need to read and study a text, or organise your ideas to write a text, it is useful to create an ideas map, sometimes called a mind map, which helps you see how main ideas, supporting ideas and examples are related.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 11

Finding key words is an important part of
________ a text.
Which of the following completes the sentence above?

Skimming

Note-making

Main idea

Making inference

Idias map

Açıklama:

Doğru seçenek A seçeneğidir.
Finding key words is an important part of
skimming a text.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 12

It refers to accessing what you already know about the topic of a text and building __________ that you need to comprehend the text.
Which of the following comletes the sentence above?

a main idea

an initial knowledge

a key word

an idea map

a note

Açıklama:

Doğru seçenek B'dir.
It refers to accessing what you already know about the topic of a text and building an initial
knowledge that you need to comprehend the text.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 13

In a paragraph, the main idea is the _________ about the topic.
Which of the following completes the sentence above?

first sentence

reader's comment

author’s message

text detail

last sentence

Açıklama:

Doğru seçenek C'dir.
In a paragraph, the main idea is the author’s message about the topic.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 14

Most cases and deaths continue to affect
unvaccinated individuals. Further sickness and
death are largely preventable, just as most of the
illness and death in recent months were. Vaccine
refusal, in the absence of valid medical reasons,
and not adhering to infection prevention measures
are largely responsible for the continued hardship
of the pandemic.
Which one of the following can be the main
idea for the text above?

The first sentence

The second sentence

The third sentence

The second and the third sentence

The third and the first sentence

Açıklama:

Doğru seçenek A'dır.
The first sentence is the main idea.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 15

_________ as we read is a significant aspect of reading comprehension.
Which of the following completes the sentence above?

supporting ditails

Idea maps

Note making

KWL

Making inferences

Açıklama:

Doğru seçenek E seçeneğidir.
Making inferences as we read is a significant aspect of reading comprehension.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 16

__________helps you improve your understanding of a text and take a critical perspective to the content.

Reading fast

Reader's comments

Author's massages

Note-making

Finding key words

Açıklama:

Doğru seçenek D'dir.
Note-making helps you improve your
understanding of a text and take a critical
perspective to the content.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 17

Which of the following describes the KWL method?

Activate backround knowledge

Support the main idea

Make note

Create an idea map

Explain the topic

Açıklama:

Doğru cevap C seçeneğidir.
One way to make notes as you read is the KWL
method. KWL stands for Know, Want-to-know
and Learned.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 18

Which of the following describes a mind map?

Helps the reader see how main ideas, supporting ideas and examples are related.

The reader can underline the key words to understand
the paragraph by retrieving important information
from it.

To activate the readar background knowledge for making different
connections before reading the text.

The readers write about what they want to know by reading the text.

The readers first write down what they already know about the topic of
the text before you read it.

Açıklama:

Doğru seçenek A'dır.
When you need to read and study a text, or organise your ideas to write a text, it is useful to create an ideas map, sometimes called a mind map, which helps you see how main ideas, supporting ideas and examples are related.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 19

On the day of the race, shortly after Bannister
arrived at Iffley Road Track in Oxford, nearly 1,200
spectators gathered to watch it under damp weather
conditions. Six runners, including Bannister, prepared
to run the race of their lives.
Which of the following describes the highlighted key word in the text above?

Fact

Comment

Name

Place

Figure

Açıklama:

Doğru cevap D seçeneğidir.
On the day of the race, shortly after Bannister
arrived at Iffley Road Track in Oxford, nearly 1,200
spectators gathered to watch it under damp weather
conditions. Six runners, including Bannister, prepared
to run the race of their lives.
Iffley Road Track in Oxford bir yer ismi olduğundan cevap "place" dir.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 20

It is a basic diagram that enables you to visualise what you are reading and find
connections between different pieces of information presented in the text.
Which of the following describes highlighted word in the sentence above?

mind map

KWL

main idea

key word

making-note

Açıklama:

Doğru seçenek A'dır.
It is a basic diagram that enables you to visualise what you are reading and find
connections between different pieces of information presented in the text.
basic diagram refers to mind map

Soru 1

Which one of the components below doesn’t signify a purpose of paraphrasing?

reading comprehension

listening comprehension

summarizing the whole text

succeeding in proficiency tests

academic writing

Açıklama:

Paraphrasing is a crucial tool for many purposes: reading comprehension, listening comprehension, academic writing, and succeeding in proficiency tests.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 2

Which one of the components below isn’t a step for paraphrasing?

read

highlight

write

be the same

cite

Açıklama:

Paraphrasing can be a challenging skill, especially for novice writers. It requires certain steps to be followed so that we can come up with good paraphrases.
Read the text several times
Highlight or note down the key concepts
Write your own version
Compare the original and your own version
Cite the source you have used

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 3

When you paraphrase a sentence from a text and want to use this paraphrased sentence in your own work, what you should do next?

highlight the main points

make an assumption about it

go over it a few times

read it loudly

cite the source

Açıklama:

It should be noted that when you paraphrase a sentence from a source or a text and use this paraphrased sentence in your own work like a term paper or an essay, you should still cite the source, meaning that you should make clear that the sentence is not entirely of your own.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 4

What is named as using others’ ideas without any change and not giving them credit?

underlining

plagiarism

repeating

overemphasizing

emphasizing

Açıklama:

With technology, it is easy to copy and paste other people’s work. However, using others’ ideas without any change and most importantly, not giving them credit can be called ‘cheating’, or in academic contexts, ‘plagiarism’.

Doğru Cevap: B

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 2

Which one of the items below isn’t an example of clue for pre-reading?

titles

passages

conclusion

introductary sentences

images

Açıklama:

When there is a text to be read, whether to be summarised or not, it is always practical to look for clues before you actually start reading it. Titles, sub-titles, introductory sentences and/or passages, and images - if there are any - are good examples of clues; they reveal great insights for the content of the text. Analysing these clues will help you understand the text better; thus, facilitate your summarising process.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 3

Which one of the statements below is true related with the Japanese weddings?

The Japanese weddings aren’t a special part of the Japanese culture.

The Japanese weddings are always held in summer.

The Japanese weddings often take place outside.

The Japanese weddings last only half day.

Red and white are the lucky colours for the Japanese weddings.

Açıklama:

Japanese culture is very rich and weddings are a special part of it. They are usually held in the spring or autumn, and they often take place in a hotel or wedding hall. A Japanese wedding normally lasts all day and begins with a religious ceremony. Red and white are happy, lucky colours for many parts of Japanese culture, and weddings are no exception. In Japan, usually the wedding hall has these colours.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 4

Which one of the statements provided in the given paragraph is true related with the Japanese weddings?
There are different religions in Japan, so there are different types of weddings, too: Christian, Buddhist and Shinto weddings are all common. Brides often wear white kimonos with a big headpiece and the groom normally wears black. The guests at a Japanese wedding normally dress formally. Women often wear kimonos, and men wear dark suits. Only close family members can go to the religious ceremony.

There is only one kind of religion in Japan and thus there is only one type of wedding.

Brides do not accessorize themselves with a big headpiece.

Brides often wear white kimonos while the grooms wear black.

The guests who attend to the Japanese weddings always wear casual clothes.

Only far family members can go to the religious ceremony.

Açıklama:

There are different religions in Japan, so there are different types of weddings, too: Christian, Buddhist and Shinto weddings are all common. Brides often wear white kimonos with a big headpiece and the groom normally wears black. The guests at a Japanese wedding normally dress formally. Women often wear kimonos, and men wear dark suits. Only close family members can go to the religious ceremony.
Bold written phrases clarify the features of the Japanese weddings.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 5

If you receive an invitation to a Japanese wedding, you should reply as soon as possible. It is common for guests to give the couple a gift or some amount of money. The money is normally put inside a special envelope with the name of that guest. In Japanese culture, not giving gifts or money is considered rude. The cutting of the cake is an important moment in Japanese wedding celebrations. Often the top parts of the cake are made of plastic or paper. Sometimes there is a break in the reception for the bride and groom to change their clothes again. After the meal, it is common for the younger guests to continue the celebrations with a band or a DJ.
Which one of the statements below is true related with the Japanese weddings given in the paragraph?

When you receive an invitation to a Japanese wedding, you can reply late.

It is common for guests to give the couple a gift or some amount of money.

In Japanese culture, giving gifts or money to the couple is considered rude.

The cutting of the cake is not an important part of the Japanese weddings.

The bride and the groom do not change their clothes during the wedding.

Açıklama:

If you receive an invitation to a Japanese wedding, you should reply as soon as possible. It is common for guests to give the couple a gift or some amount of money. The money is normally put inside a special envelope with the name of that guest. In Japanese culture, not giving gifts or money is considered rude. The cutting of the cake is an important moment in Japanese wedding celebrations. Often the top parts of the cake are made of plastic or paper. Sometimes there is a break in the reception for the bride and groom to change their clothes again. After the meal, it is common for the younger guests to continue the celebrations with a band or a DJ.
Bold written part explicitly states the correct piece of information.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 6

Which one of the statements provided in the paragraph below is true related with emojis?
Emoji - from the Japanese meaning “picture character”- entered the Oxford Dictionaries in 2013. Different forms of language - either spoken or written - enable us to transfer a message, affect the mental well-being and behaviours of others and change our social and individual status.

Emoji from the Japanese means picture character.

Emoji does not enable one to transfer a message.

Emoji does not affect the mental well-being.

Emoji does not affect the behaviours of others.

Emoji does not change our social and individual status.

Açıklama:

Emoji - from the Japanese meaning “picture character”- entered the Oxford Dictionaries in 2013. Different forms of language - either spoken or written - enable us to transfer a message, affect the mental well-being and behaviours of others and change our social and individual status.
Bold written part denotes the correct answer.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 7

The most popular Emoji artist in the U.S. Fred Benenson, when he was 27, was able to raise over $3,750 on WellFund to find funding for his translation of Moby Dick into Emojis - titled “Emoji Dick“, of course. He hired some people through a website and translated all the 200.000 words in Moby Dick into pictures. In March 2013, the Library Congress accepted it as the first ever Emoji book and added it into the collection. After that, some other companies have been founded or benefited from these character pictures since emojis have become a sensation. Decodemoji.com, for instance, is a website that “translates” emojis.
Which one of the statements below is true related with emojis in the given paragraph?

Moby Dick was translated into an Emoji book titled Emoji Dick.

The first Emoji book is not Moby Dick.

The most popular Emoji artist is from Japan.

Only 100.000 words in the book of Moby Dick were translated into pictures.

Decodemoji.com isn’t a website that translates emojis.

Açıklama:

The most popular Emoji artist in the U.S. Fred Benenson, when he was 27, was able to raise over $3,750 on WellFund to find funding for his translation of Moby Dick into Emojis - titled “Emoji Dick“, of course. He hired some people through a website and translated all the 200.000 words in Moby Dick into pictures. In March 2013, the Library Congress accepted it as the first ever Emoji book and added it into the collection. After that, some other companies have been founded or benefited from these character pictures since emojis have become a sensation. Decodemoji.com, for instance, is a website that “translates” emojis.
The information is mentioned in bold face. This is explicitly stated in the text, other statements cannot regarded as correct ones according to the given information.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 8

Which one of the statements given in the text below is true related with the Silicon Valley?
Not long after, companies like Apple, Seagate and Google appeared. “Silicon Valley” had arrived. There was a kind of primitive Internet to connect any addresses in Silicon Valley, called the Arpanet. Today, Silicon Valley, which is located in a group of small towns a few miles from San Francisco such as Palo Alto and San Jose, is the home of the computer industry. It still offers high technology, but it is not the only centre for high-tech in the USA anymore. Other computer firms from all over the USA and all over the world can be seen; but Silicon Valley still has the biggest collection of high-tech companies and research centres.

Small towns such as Palo Alto and San Jose are not the home of the computer industry.

Silicon Valley is the only centre for high tech in the USA.

Silicon Valley still has the biggest collection of high-tech companies and research centres.

Companies such as Apple, Seagate, and Google didn’t appear in the Silicon Valley.

The name of the primitive Internet connection in the Silicon Valley is not Arpanet.

Açıklama:

Not long after, companies like Apple, Seagate and Google appeared. “Silicon Valley” had arrived. There was a kind of primitive Internet to connect any addresses in Silicon Valley, called the Arpanet. Today, Silicon Valley, which is located in a group of small towns a few miles from San Francisco such as Palo Alto and San Jose, is the home of the computer industry. It still offers high technology, but it is not the only centre for high-tech in the USA anymore. Other computer firms from all over the USA and all over the world can be seen; but Silicon Valley still has the biggest collection of high-tech companies and research centres.
Bold written sentence gives the correct piece of information about the topic.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 9

Which one of the statements provided in the text below is true related with the Rio Carnival?
This festival is by far the largest in the world. Hundreds of visitors come every year for the celebrations before the start of Lent, which is a religious fasting period of forty days before Easter. The carnival takes place in the Sambadrome, a huge new stadium. There, samba schools compete with each other for the best costumes and dancing. They spend a lot of time and money on carnival preparations, making fantastic costumes, masks, decorations, mobile floats and teaching the samba. In the past, the carnival procession was held in the streets of Rio, where beautifully clothed people threw streamers and confetti and danced for four days.

This festival named Rio Carnival is not the largest in the world.

Hundreds of visitors come every year for the Rio Carnival celebrations.

The carnival does not take place in a huge new stadium called Sambadrome.

In the past, the carnival procession was not held in the streets of Rio.

The samba schools do not compete with each other for the best costumes and dancing.

Açıklama:

This festival is by far the largest in the world. Hundreds of visitors come every year for the celebrations before the start of Lent, which is a religious fasting period of forty days before Easter. The carnival takes place in the Sambadrome, a huge new stadium. There, samba schools compete with each other for the best costumes and dancing. They spend a lot of time and money on carnival preparations, making fantastic costumes, masks, decorations, mobile floats and teaching the samba. In the past, the carnival procession was held in the streets of Rio, where beautifully clothed people threw streamers and confetti and danced for four days.
Bold written part covers the correct information about the topic.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 10

Which one of the statements below is true related with the Oktoberfest in the given text?
Foreign beer-lovers might think that the Germans are unimaginative when it comes to beer because, good as it is, it all seems to taste very similar. There are, however, many regional and seasonal differences, particularly in Bavaria and Munich. Oktoberfest, the world’s largest beer festival, actually starts in September and, to mark the occasion, each of Munich’s many breweries makes a special beer. Because of this, an astonishing variety of different types and strengths of beer are available at this festival.

German beer does not taste very similar.

There are not any regional and seasonal differences between Bavaria and Munich.

Oktoberfest does not start in September.

Oktoberfest is the world’s largest beer festival.

An astonishing variety of beer types are not available at this festival.

Açıklama:

Foreign beer-lovers might think that the Germans are unimaginative when it comes to beer because, good as it is, it all seems to taste very similar. There are, however, many regional and seasonal differences, particularly in Bavaria and Munich. Oktoberfest, the world’s largest beer festival, actually starts in September and, to mark the occasion, each of Munich’s many breweries makes a special beer. Because of this, an astonishing variety of different types and strengths of beer are available at this festival.
Bold written part mentions the correct piece of information about the topic.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 11

In which stage of summarising, do we analyze the clues about the text to facilitate our summarising process?

Pre-Reading

Reading for Main Ideas

Making Notes & Highlighting Important Information

Deciding on your Audience and Style

Checking

Açıklama:

When there is a text to be read, whether to be summarised or not, it is always practical to look for clues
before you actually start reading it. Titles, sub-titles, introductory sentences and/or passages, and images -
if there are any - are good examples of clues; they reveal great insights for the content of the text. Analysing
these clues will help you understand the text better; thus, facilitate your summarising process.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 12

In which stage of summarising, do we use different strategies such as using abbreviations, symbols, diagrams, or drawings?

Pre-Reading

Reading for Main Ideas

Making Notes and Highlighting Important Information

Deciding on your Audience and Style

Checking

Açıklama:

Notes can be considered as small but important pieces of a whole; therefore, the notes that you take
when you are reading or listening to a text will help you while writing the summary of it. There are
different strategies of taking notes while dealing with a text, e.g. using abbreviations, symbols, diagrams,
or drawings.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 13

Which one of the following is wrong about formal writing?

You should use first and second personal pronouns

You should not use contractions

One-word numbers are spelled

You should not use vernacular or inappropriate language in your summary

You should avoid using vague terminology such as ‘some’, ‘all types’, ‘few’, etc

Açıklama:

In formal writing, you should not use vernacular
or inappropriate language in your summary. Keeping a proper academic style, which indicates that your
summary is objective, is an important aspect. Besides, you should avoid using vague terminology such as
‘some’, ‘all types’, ‘few’, etc.
Formal writing also asserts that you avoid using first and second personal pronouns (I, you). In
addition, you should not use contractions (e.g. you should write ‘are not’ instead of ‘aren’t’) as well. In
formal writing, one-word numbers are spelled (such as ‘three’, ‘forty’, instead of ‘3’ and ‘40’), and it is also
important to be consistent in writing numbers

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 14

Which one of the following examples is a preferred use of language in formal writing?

In this summary, I will write about …

The author doesn’t go into detail...

There were 5 people in the room.

The main character goes into a small and dark room. Then he found his lost glasses there.

Ernest Hemingway makes a good point in this book.

Açıklama:

Please look at the table on page 155 for the examples on formal writing

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 15

Which one of the following is not among the principles we need to follow in checking and organisation stage of summarising?

You control whether you have followed the previous stages

You should check whether you have made a distinction between main ideas and supporting sentences

You should control whether you have marked all the necessary and important points of the main text

You should decide to whom you are writing the summary

You should check whether your wording and style is appropriate

Açıklama:

This is the final stage where you control whether you have followed the previous stages in your summary.
As we have said earlier, a summary should focus on main ideas. Details and supporting sentences help the
main text to be structured in a better way; however, since this will be a summary, it is time to leave them
out. Therefore, in this stage, you should check whether you have made a distinction between main ideas
and supporting sentences and you have marked all the necessary and important points of the main text.
You can control this stage by taking a look at your notes as well. Another thing to check is whether your
wording and style is appropriate for the audience of your summary. One last but important step to follow
is the organisation of your summary

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 16

"A summary is written in your own words. It has only the ‘ideas’ of the original text, not the words and phrases themselves."
Which characteristic of a good summary is described in the above statement?

Accurate

Authentic

Objective

Complete

Readable

Açıklama:

Authentic: A summary is written in your own words. It has only the ‘ideas’ of the original text, not
the words and phrases themselves. A good summary uses authentic wording.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 17

"A good summary gives the message of the longer text. This means that you should not insert any of your own ideas, thoughts, suggestions or objections regardless of whether they are in line with the original message or not."
"Which characteristic of a good summary is described in the above statement?"

Accurate

Authentic

Objective

Readable

Complete

Açıklama:

Objective: A good summary gives the message of the longer text. This means that you should not
insert any of your own ideas, thoughts, suggestions or objections regardless of whether they are in
line with the original message or not.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 18

Which one of the following is one of the "don't"s of writing a summary?

Write in your own words

Give the message of the original text

Adhere to the ideas of the author

Include minor details and examples

Write in a structured manner

Açıklama:

Please check the table on page 160

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 19

I. Formal
II. Objective
III. Implicit
Which one(s) of the items above is/are among the basic characteristics of writing a summary?

Only I

Only II

Only III

I-II

II-III

Açıklama:

As in many academic genres, summary writing has basic characteristics. These characteristics can be
outlined as follows:
• Formal: Summaries should follow formal writing style unless you are summarising for your own
studies. Even in cases you are summarising an informal text, your summary should bear the features
of formal writing, especially if it is to be submitted to a lecturer or a teacher.
• Objective: As outlined above, a summary should avoid subjective views. Therefore, your summary
writing style should possess objective wording, which will enable you to present the important
ideas of the text without personalising them.
• Explicit: A summary is written to convey the message(s) of the longer text in a straightforward
manner. Hence, it is a good idea to transfer the important information in the text as directly as
possible. You should not use an implicit wording style in your summary which may confuse the
reader.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 20

Which one of the following is an academic verb to be used in summary writing?

cite

fluent

solid

further

significant

Açıklama:

To cite is an academic verb. The others are adjective

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 21

Which of the following is the first stage in the summarising process?

Writing the conclusion

Reading the original text carefully

Identifying irrelevant details

Using paraphrasing techniques

Adding personal opinions

Açıklama:

The first stage of summarising is to read the original text carefully to ensure full comprehension before any reduction of content. This step is critical for accuracy and relevance

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 22

When summarising, which stage typically comes after identifying the main ideas?

Drafting the summary

Skimming for unfamiliar vocabulary

Choosing a title

Copying sentences from the text

Adding examples

Açıklama:

After identifying the main ideas, you move to drafting the summary by rephrasing key points in your own words without adding unnecessary detail

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 23

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good summary?

Conciseness

Inclusion of personal comments

Clarity

Objectivity

Coverage of main ideas

Açıklama:

Good summaries are concise, clear, objective, and cover main ideas. Personal comments or opinions should be avoided to maintain objectivity

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 24

A good summary should primarily _____.
Which of the following correctly completes the sentence above?

Repeat every sentence of the original text

Avoid using paraphrasing

Include more details than the original

Focus only on examples

Reduce the text while keeping the key ideas intact

Açıklama:

Summaries reduce the original content to its essential points, maintaining the meaning but omitting unnecessary details

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 25

Which structure is most appropriate to start a summary?

“I think that…”

“According to the text…”

“In my opinion…”

“Let me tell you…”

“Guess what…”

Açıklama:

Phrases such as “According to the text…” introduce information objectively, signalling that the content is derived from a source

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 26

Which sentence correctly uses a structure suitable for summary writing?

“I feel the author is wrong.”

“You should really read this text.”

“The article discusses the effects of climate change.”

“I liked how the author wrote this.”

“Let me explain the details.”

Açıklama:

Objective reporting verbs and neutral tone, as in “The article discusses…”, are preferred for academic summaries

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 27

Which of these words is most essential when summarising a cause-effect text?

Therefore

Maybe

Possibly

I think

Guess

Açıklama:

Words like “therefore” help convey logical relationships and are crucial in accurately representing cause-effect structures

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 28

When summarising a chronological text, which connector would be most useful?

On the contrary

Guess what

In my opinion

First

Nevertheless

Açıklama:

Chronological summaries benefit from sequencing connectors like “first”, “then”, and “finally” to maintain the original order

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 29

Which of the following is an important reason to avoid copying whole sentences when summarising?

It may lead to plagiarism

It saves time

It improves handwriting

It makes the text longer

It adds personal style

Açıklama:

Copying sentences without modification can result in plagiarism and fails to demonstrate comprehension

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 30

When creating a summary, which step ensures you haven’t missed any main ideas?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of a good topic sentence?

It states both the topic and the focus clearly.

It may contain more than one controlling idea to provide variety.

It is a complete sentence, not a phrase.

It avoids being a question form.

It should not be a well-known fact but should assert an idea.

Açıklama:

The book explicitly states that having more than one focus will cause the writer to lose control, confuse the reader, and make the paragraph less clear. Therefore, “more than one controlling idea” is not a desirable feature.
The other features of a good topic sentence are;

Topic + focus must be clear (e.g., "Travelling by plane has become much cheaper").
It must be a complete sentence, not a phrase.
It should not be in the form of a question.
It should assert an idea, not just state a known fact.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 22

Which type of supporting sentence is illustrated in the example:
"The number of students who are enrolled in face-to-face programs is already close to 100,000"?

Describe

Give reason

Give facts

Explain

Give examples

Açıklama:

This sentence contains an exact numerical detail (100,000 students), which the book classifies as a fact-based supporting sentence.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 23

What is the main purpose of lexical cohesion in a paragraph?

To ensure grammatical correctness

To make vocabulary more complex

To avoid using synonyms or antonyms

To link ideas at the paragraph level

To create meaningful connections between words in the text

Açıklama:

Lexical cohesion focuses on connecting words meaningfully via repetition, synonyms, hyponyms, meronyms, or antonyms, as sated in the unit:
“Lexical cohesion is… to ensure that your text is lexically cohesive, there should be meaningful connection between your choice of words.”

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 24

Which statement best describes the difference between cohesion and coherence?

Cohesion operates at the micro level; coherence operates at the macro level.

Cohesion is about linking words; coherence is about linking paragraphs.

Cohesion deals with vocabulary; coherence deals only with grammar.

Cohesion is less important than coherence.

Cohesion and coherence mean the same thing.

Açıklama:

In a paragraph, cohesion links sentences with lexical/grammatical devices; coherence organises ideas across the whole paragraph.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 25

Which element wraps up a paragraph by summarising the main idea or restating the topic sentence?

Topic sentence

Transition phrase

Supporting sentence

Concluding sentence

Cohesive device

Açıklama:

A concluding sentence signals the end and summarises the main points.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 26

In lexical cohesion, which of the following is an example of meronymy?

Snake - Animal

Hands - Bike

Gloves - Bike

Chain - Bike

Bike - Transportation

Açıklama:

Meronymy is part-whole relation; a chain is a part of a bike.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 27

Which linker would best fit the sentence:
"The company faced severe financial losses; ______, it had to declare bankruptcy"?

For example

Consequently

In addition

However

On the other hand

Açıklama:

“Consequently” indicates a result, showing that bankruptcy was the logical outcome of financial losses.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 28

"Sophie submitted her project one week early. This impressed her supervisor, who praised her during the team meeting."
In this context, “This” refers to:

Sophie

The project

Submitting the project one week early

The praise from the supervisor

The team meeting

Açıklama:

The reference is not a person (A) or a concrete object (B), but an action. D and E happen afterward, so they are results, not the referent.
“This” refers to the idea or action mentioned earlier - here, Sophie’s act of submitting the project early.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 29

Many companies now encourage their employees to work from home at least a few days a week. This arrangement reduces commuting time, which allows employees to focus more on their tasks. It also saves costs for both employers and workers, as there is less need for office space and travel expenses. Furthermore, employees often report a better work-life balance when they can choose their work location.
Which of the following is the best topic sentence for this paragraph?

Many companies are reducing the size of their offices.

Working from home offers several benefits for employees and employers.

Employees can spend more time with their families.

Office rents have increased in many cities.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed working habits forever.

Açıklama:

“A good topic sentence should state the topic and the focus clearly, and it should cover the main idea of the paragraph.”
"B" captures both the topic (working from home) and the controlling idea (several benefits), which matches all the supporting details in the paragraph (time saving, cost reduction, better work-life balance).

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 30

Topic Sentence:
Learning a second language can improve your career opportunities.
Existing Supporting Details:

Many international companies prefer employees who can speak more than one language.
Bilingual employees can communicate with clients from different countries more effectively.

Which sentence below would be the best additional supporting detail for this paragraph?

Some people find learning a second language challenging.

Language courses are offered at many universities.

Speaking more than one language often leads to higher salaries and better job positions.

English is the most common second language learned worldwide.

Travelling to a foreign country is an enjoyable experience.

Açıklama:

“Supporting sentences… give further explanations, examples, descriptions, clarifications, etc., to the main idea.”
Option C adds a clear, relevant benefit (higher salaries, better positions) that supports the main idea (career opportunities).

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 31

(1) Cycling is one of the healthiest and most environmentally friendly ways to travel in the city. (2) It helps people stay fit by providing regular physical exercise. (3) Using bicycles instead of cars also reduces air pollution and traffic congestion. (4) Many cities are now building more bike lanes to encourage people to cycle to work. (5) The price of petrol has increased significantly in the past two years. Which sentence disrupts the coherence of the paragraph?

Tns

Açıklama:

Both verbs should be in the past tense for consistency: went and stayed. The second verb stay is in the wrong tense.

Doğru Cevap: D

Soru 15

Which type of plagiarism involves combining copied sections from multiple sources with minor changes?

Self-plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

Global plagiarism

Auto-plagiarism

Mosaic/patchwork plagiarism

Açıklama:

Mosaic plagiarism combines parts from different sources with minimal rewriting, maintaining much of the original language and structure.

Doğru Cevap: E

Soru 16

What is a key requirement when paraphrasing to avoid plagiarism?

Use synonyms for all words in the source

Maintain sentence length but change word order

Cite the original source even if the wording is changed

Only cite if more than one sentence is taken

Avoid using any technical terms from the source

Açıklama:

Even when paraphrasing, proper citation is essential. Failure to cite while restating ideas in your own words is still plagiarism.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 17

Which of the following is NOT a method suggested in the chapter to avoid plagiarism?

Copy-pasting text with minor changes
B.
C.
D.
E.

Interpreting appropriately instead of quoting one-to-one

Properly accrediting authors

Citing sources during the writing process

Using plagiarism check tools

Açıklama:

The chapter warns against copy-pasting, even with minor changes, as it still constitutes plagiarism.

Doğru Cevap: A

Soru 18

In APA referencing, how should a work with more than three authors be cited in-text?

(Author, Author, Author, Author, Year)

(FirstAuthor et al., Year)

(Author & Author & Author, Year)

(Author et. al, Year)

(FirstAuthor et al Year)

Açıklama:

APA style uses "(FirstAuthor et al., Year)" for works with more than three authors.

Doğru Cevap: B

Soru 19

Which of the following is a correct APA reference for a two-author journal article?

Author, A., Author, B. (Year). Title. Journal Name, 3(2), 11-22.

Author & Author. (Year). Title. Journal Name, 3(2), 11-22.

Author, A., & Author, B. (Year). Title of the article. Journal Name, 3(2), 11-22.

Author, A. & Author, B. Title. Journal Name, 3(2), 11-22.

Author, A., Author, B. Year. Title. Journal Name, 3(2), 11-22.

Açıklama:

APA format for two authors requires both names, initials, the year in parentheses, title with sentence case, italicized journal name in title case, volume(issue), and page numbers.

Doğru Cevap: C

Soru 20

According to APA rules, which of the following book references is correct?

Brown, J. (2015). Introduction To Academic Writing. 3rd edition. New York: Oxford University Press.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Brown, J. (2015). Introduction to academic writing (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Brown, J. (2015). Introduction to academic writing. 3rd Ed. Oxford University Press, New York.

Brown, J. 2015. Introduction to academic writing (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press: New York, NY.

Brown, John. (2015). Introduction to Academic Writing. Third Edition. New York: Oxford University Press.

Açıklama:

In APA style, the correct book reference format is: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work: Capital letter for subtitle. (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Titles are italicized, with only the first word of the title, subtitle, and any proper nouns capitalized.
The edition is written in parentheses after the title (e.g., 3rd ed.).
The place of publication includes city and state abbreviation (for U.S. cities) before the publisher name.

Doğru Cevap: B

Communıcatıon Skılls and Academıc Reportıng I (ENG) - Tüm Sorular

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