The ability to speak clearly and effectively is a skill that can be acquired and improved upon. Firstly, the depth of an individual’s thinking skills plays an important
role in this. Speaking is not only the transmission
of words via the sounds we produce, but it is also
the translation of thoughts and emotions into
meaningful expressions. A strong verbal expression
needs to be the result of a coherent and logical
thinking process.
thoughts and emotions into
meaningful expressions

The effective speech takes place at
the right place and time in the presence of the right
individuals and is the result of a coherent and rich
process of thinking. Hereby, the expression of any topic with words
regardless of the level of preparation is classified
as verbal communication.
The expression of any topic with words
regardless of the level of preparation is classified
as verbal communication.

A ggod speech must be fluent-Whether a speech is lively and fluent or not
depends on the construction of the sentences and
the words that are used. When the selected words
are correctly pronounced this also affects the overall
tone of the speech. An effective speech utilizes a
coherent sentence structure that progresses with
clear and logical links. These sentences are always
succinct and on point. Extended knowledge of
the language being spoken helps in this regard. A
speaker who knows the finer aspects and rules of
the language being spoken will have an easier time
expressing himself.
A good speech must be fluent

A good speech addresses the target audience-Factors such as age, level of education,
income, gender and other socio-economic qualities
that shape the audience must be used as a guide
in determining the words that will be used or the
examples that will be given. For example addressing
an audience with a low level of education with a
term heavy speech is not an effective strategy. The
speaker must be fully aware of the qualities that
shape their audience. To know what needs to be said
to whom requires knowledge about the audience.
Quite often, it helps the speaker to carry out certain
parts of the speech in discussion form that involves
the audience. Of course it is undeniable that a
speaker who makes eye contact with the audience
and involves them in the discussion will be more
successful.
The speaker must be fully aware of the qualities that
shape their audience.

Oration is a speech that is delivered with visible
excitement to talk about important announcements.
It carries an educational value. The main goal
is to convey a certain information or emotion to
the audience. Orations must possess clarity and a
simplicity that will allow them to be easily received
by a broad range of audiences. Orations are meant
to be persuasive. This naturally requires that the
speaker is an expert on the topic of the speech. The
speaker aims to inspire excitement and exhilaration
in the listeners. However, information and opinions
are conveyed to the audience alongside emotions.
This is how an oration differs from a conference as
a conference simply aims to transfer information
while an oration is rich with emotion.

Unprepared speeches are the acts of
communication we engage every day to sustain
our daily life. These are also called impromptu
speeches. Bilateral chats, group chats, meetings, and discussions, phone calls, celebration speeches, talking on the phone, thanking are examples of
unprepared speech.
Bilateral chats, group chats, meetings, and discussions

Identification Function: Non-verbal behavior,
such as his / her own tone of voice, the way of
following the rules of speech, the ability to use
body language, the style of clothing, the accessories
he uses, the hygiene and care, the way of sitting,
the posture, the care of one’s own or others’
personal space, are informative about a person’s
level of education and their place in society. Due
to the image of the individual, an assessment can
be made regarding her social status. The mutual
appearances and behaviors of the individuals enable
them to have an important and close idea about
each other. For example, if the candidate who goes
to a job interview pays attention to the personal
appearance and chooses a clean and careful dress,
it is considered as an indicator that the candidate
appl

Regulation function of nonverbal communication is the use of nonverbal communication to make the verbal message stronger. Teacher’s coughing or closing the door with a set to get attention when entering the classroom is a non-verbal communication movement to attract the attention of the class.
During the dialogue, the speaker signals using the tone or silence that her speech is finished and that the other person can speak. A person who speaks loudly and fast does not want to promise her. Hand, arm, head and eye movements used by the speaker serve as traffic signs for the person opposite. Thus, nonverbal communication codes guide by organizing verbal communication.
Teacher’s coughing or closing the door with a set to get attention when
entering the classroom

The speed and violence of voice, the words
emphasized by the voice while speaking, behaviors
such as pauses and even silence reflect the personality
and emotional state of the speaker. Feelings like
happiness, anger and fear are expressed with high
volume. Feelings such as fatigue, sadness, and
depression are also expressed with low volume. That
people speak very quickly indicates excitement and
distrust. People talking with a slow and hesitant pace
can also be associated with laziness or insensitivity.
However, the point that should not be forgotten
here is that the tempo alone cannot be sufficient
to make judgments about individuals. It would be
appropriate not to generalize, since many factors,
especially the cultures of the people, will cause low
or high-tempo speech.

Social space is maintained between
acquaintances, coworkers or other individuals who
have just met and it refers to a distance of 1 to 2.5
meters. In the work environment, tools or furniture
such as office chairs or cabinets help maintain this
space.

A good speech must be supported by body language.

The speaker must not wear flashy or distractive clothes as the choice of outfit may be the focus of the audience’s attention instead of the actual speech.

Appearance and body language are the most prominent factors that affect first
impressions. Body language includes our posture, facial expressions and physical movements and it affects the first impressions we get. Body language is an example of non-verbal communication.
These non-verbal messages are the primary method of expression adopted by humans in their evolutionary development.

Unprepared speeches are the acts of communication we engage every day to sustain our daily life. These are also called impromptu speeches. Bilateral chats, group chats, meetings, and discussions, phone calls, celebration speeches, talking on the phone, thanking are examples of unprepared speech.
Greetings

Speech, conference, oration, information feast, open session, interview, discussion, forum and seminar are examples of prepared speech.

Conference is a speech delivered by an expert such as an artist, writer, academic on a topic of art and science, where the speaker explains his thoughts and emotions about the topic to the audience.

All the emotions and thoughts that we express without words are considered as nonverbal communication.

It makes verbal communication more effective.
It makes verbal communication ineffective.

It emphasizes the seriousness or importance of the message. This is an advantage of body language.

The eyes indicate attention and its level.
Eyes indicate distraction.

Verbal and non-verbal messages have the qualities mentioned in the paragraph. Therefore C is true.

Given definiton is for the conference. So A is true

Symposium is the true answer, B.

Mentioned times are the worst times for a phone call. D is true

Limits of my tongue are the limits of my world is the true expression therefore C is true.

It does not undermines but emphasize the importance and seriousness of the messages. E is true.

Definition of forum is D.

Silent behaviour takes place of words in this situation, B is true

Open palms are commonly associated with those feelings. B is true

Formal Space is not considered as a degree of space in nonverbal communication. E is true

A good speech must rely on facts, fluency and purpose. Emotions alone are not sufficient.

A symposium involves multiple expert speakers examining a topic from different angles. Symposiums are opinion-based speeches that are delivered on the topics of arts and sciences by experts in front of an audience. Each speaker is given 20 minutes on average. In a symposium, a specific topic is examined from different perspectives as the participants present their opinions based on the various works of research they have conducted.

Complex jargon is verbal, not body language.

Unprepared (impromptu) speeches are spontaneous, like everyday greetings or quick remarks. Bilateral chats, group chats, meetings and discussions, phone calls, celebration speeches, talking on the phone, thanking are examples of unprepared speech.

Written notes are verbal/written; the others are non-verbal channels. Facial expressions, gestures and mimics, head movements, eyebrow and eye movements, sound, silence, space, clothing and colors are non-verbal communication elements.

Body language can contradict spoken words, showing what a person really feels. In cases where the word spoken with the non-verbal communication elements contradicts, the conflict function of non-verbal communication comes into play. When a person’s body language contradicts what he says, his body language is dominant and often tells the truth. It is difficult to control the body language. Although what is said is not true, body language cannot lie.

Identification function shows cues about status, gender, profession, etc. Non-verbal behavior, such as a person’s tone of voice, the way of following the rules of speech, the ability to use body language, the style of clothing, the accessories he uses, the hygiene and care, the way of sitting, the posture, the care of one’s own or others’ personal space, are informative about a person’s level of education and their place in society.

Proper eye contact is highlighted as a key factor in building rapport.

Voice tone, speed, volume, pauses, and silence help us learn about a person’s gender, age, personality, and emotional state. It is also emphasized that high or low volume, fast or slow pace, and silence have both positive and negative aspects, which should be interpreted with other cues and context. “How individuals say as well as what they say enable us to have an idea about them… the speed and intensity of the voice, what words are emphasized, pauses and similar features enable us to obtain information about the person’s gender, age, personality characteristics and emotional state.”

Functions of Written Communication
permanent

Functions of Written Communication
Since written communication can be stored, it can not be utilized as evidence.

Writing business report
I, II and V

Formal writing
letter

Email
shouting

Writing a Report
Reports must include a commentary.

Bulletins

Bulletin
Preparing content by considering just journalists

Business Letters
I, II and V

Special Articles
to apologizing

I. Parentheses should be avoided
II. Words and terms to be highlighted are written in italic, not dark black.
V. Care should be taken not to use colours in the reports including graphics and tables. If necessary, grey shade colour can be used.
The answer is E.

V . Date should be written in the upper right not left corner of the paper.
Answer is B

Announcement (Bulletin) Purpose Notes: They are used in emergency situations. They are short and concise.
Reminder notes (memorandums) are correspondences within an organization for purposes such as asking for information, giving information, approving, change of opinion, request for meeting, change of meeting date.
Briefing : an act or instance of giving precise instructions or essential information
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Briefing. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved January 12, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/briefing
Answer is B

It is possible to classify reminder notes into six types.These are announcement (bulletin), essay, informative, action, summary and file notes (Newsom and Haynes, 2011: 239-240). The anwser is B

The answer is A =topic, location, organization, Advantages, Applications, Details, Source
The main elements that should be in a well-prepared newsletter are as follows (Jefkins, 1992, p.92-93):

• Topic; What is the topic to be written about?


• Organizations; What is the name of the institution?


• Location; Where is the institution located?


• Advantages; What is new about the issue in the press release? What is the benefit of the news in the bulletin to the target audience?


• Applications; What are the benefits of the product or service? Who will benefit?


• Details; What are the details about the product’s dimensions, colour, fee, performance?


• Source; What is the source of the news? Where is it? For example, the communication centre and the place where the event took place may differ from each other

I. Prepare content by considering journalists should be :
I. Prepare content by considering your buyers, not just journalists
II. Write newsletters with keyword-rich text.
III. Add offers that compel consumers to somehow respond to your newsletter.
IV. Optimize word selection in press releases for search engines and browsers.
V. Make your newsletter available on some important site.
The Answer is C

A very short title may also have drawbacks. The newsletter should be long enough to give readers sufficient information about its content.
The title should include elements that are eye-catching and newsworthy beyond the number of characters.
People like numbers because numbers embody ideas. If the press release contains various numerical data, it is a good idea to use them in the title.
Pay attention to using the correct keywords and search terms that will facilitate the,finding of the newsletter. The most convenient method for Twitter is to write a little and self. In addition, it should emphasize and avoid deep meanings without leaving the essence of the story presented.
The answer is C..

Structure your paragraphs well: Paragraphs should be written in a logical order, starting with the most important material. Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence that states the main idea or topic of the paragraph. Typically, a paragraph will have between 100 and 200 words and will have the following structure. Remember to link your paragraphs well. The first sentence (usually the topic sentence) is a good place to make a link between paragraphs. One of the most common ways to link paragraphs is to use the principle, ‘something old, something new’. This means you will include a word or phrase that contrasts the topic of the previous paragraph with the topic of your new paragraph (How to write a business report, 2017, 11).

• Topic sentence (states the main idea of paragraph)
• Explanation sentence (explains or expands on the topic sentence)
• Supporting sentences (give evidence for the idea in the topic sentence and include statistics, examples, and citations)
• Concluding sentence (optional final sentence that answers the question ‘so what?’; this is your opportunity to show your critical thinking ability)

The answer is C.

a. Structure your paragraphs well
b. Keep your writing professional
c. Keep Your Sentences Short
d. Use Positive Language and not Use Euphemistic Language
e. Use Simple, Familiar Words
The answer is D

The first sentence (usually the topic sentence) is a good place to make a link between paragraphs. One of the most common ways to link paragraphs is to use the principle, ‘something old, something new’. This means you will include a word or phrase that contrasts the topic of the previous paragraph with the topic of your new paragraph (How to write a business report, 2017, 11). The answer is B.

There are several ways in which written language differs from speaking. In an environment of simultaneous interaction, the speaker can adjust the contents and the delivery of the message based on the listener’s reactions. However, in the case of written language, this is not possible. Given that written language requires a planned execution, its creation takes time. However, during the course of a speech, translating our thoughts into words and communicating them takes a very short amount of time. Due to this, it is natural that written texts may include a more complex and well thought out vocabulary. Another reason behind the relatively complex vocabulary of written texts is that writers seek to use different words than their peers to avoid mediocrity and repetitiveness. Written texts are far more permanent compared to spoken words.

Written communication has certain advantages and disadvantages. Written communication is a more closed communication method for misunderstandings and mistakes as the expressions used are clearer. It is possible to access them at any time since the articles have the ability to be stored. In written communication, writing can be read at any time (if you are busy with a job or do not want to read at that moment), but in verbal communication, everyone is there at the moment of the conversation and it is imperative to listen to what is being said.

Steps to Successful Business Writing • Prepare: define purpose, audience, scope, medium • Arrange: create order, structure, layout, design • Draft: write the first copy from outline • Revise: add / delete information • Proofread: polish final copy.

Negative language contains negative words such as "no" and "not".

Business reports which have a more balanced use of white space and text are easier to read and communicate main points and subordinate ideas more effectively. The purpose of white space is not to create space for tables and figures, but white space is created by using tables and figures.

Many individuals decide if they will read a particular email based on its subject. Therefore, the subject section must always be filled appropriately. Always try to use a “signature”. Emails should not be written in all capital letters as it implies that the writer of the message is shouting.

Care should be taken not to use colours in the reports including graphics and tables. If necessary, grey shade colour can be used.
Regarding the numbers in the text, numbers up to 10 are written in writing, and numbers 10 and above are written as numbers
Words and terms to be highlighted are written in italic, not dark black.
The use of parentheses in reports is avoided as much as possible.
No underlined word is used.

Press releases, institution, person, event etc. are written to inform the target audience in order to create a good image. The most important point to be considered while preparing the press release is that the aim is not to advertise the person, institution or product. In this sense, care should be taken not to use writing language with excessive praise for increasing sales.

Reminder notes (memorandums) are correspondences within an organization for purposes such as asking for information, giving information, approving, change of opinion, request for meeting, change of meeting date. Visuals can be added in order to attract attention when reminder notes shorter than the letter are sometimes hung on the boards. Whether the reminder notes are formal or informal largely determines the hierarchical structure within the institution. While the notes written on the superior-subordinate are less formal, in the opposite case, the notes must carry more formal images. Reminder notes, usually arranged to send a message to a limited number of people, sometimes to a single person, may rarely cover all employees. In a reminder note, frequently used words should be selected, short sentences and paragraphs should be used.

Announcement (Bulletin) Purpose Notes: They are used in emergency situations.

Unlike oral communication, written communication creates a lasting record.
Written documents can be archived and used as evidence or references in the future.

The message is intended to guide or instruct employees regarding a change in policy. One of the core functions of written communication is to instruct.

Business writing must be adapted to the audience; ignoring their needs may lead to confusion. One key characteristic of business writing is its audience-centered nature.

A business report typically ends with a conclusion and/or recommendations based on the analysis.

A business memo must begin clearly, directly stating its purpose. Clarity and directness are essential in internal correspondence like memoranda.

Formal reports have structured sections such as title page, abstract, introduction, and conclusion. Standard formatting improves consistency and professionalism.

Business emails must be concise, clear, and respectful in tone. Emails are a primary tool of business writing and require professional standards.

Condolence messages must be empathetic, respectful, and formal. Business etiquette includes formal expressions of sympathy when appropriate.

Congratulatory messages help reinforce positive performance and motivation. Motivational functions contribute to employee satisfaction and morale.

The sentence is formal, direct, and clearly states the purpose of the letter using professional language. Business letters require clear purpose, appropriate tone, and correct formatting.

The Concept of Corporate Communications, Its Definition and Scope section can be read.
Characteristic of a corporation.

The Concept of Corporate Communications, Its Definition and Scope section can be read.
Ünsal Oskay is the correct answer.

The Concept of Corporate Communications, Its Definition and Scope section can be read.
Communication is the right answer.

The Concept of Corporate Communications, Its Definition and Scope section can be read.
Communication is the correct answer.

The Concept of Corporate Communications, Its Definition and Scope section can be read.
Corporate Communication is the correct answer.

The Concept of Corporate Communications, Its Definition and Scope section can be read.
Management function is the correct answer.

The Scope of Corporate Communications section can be read.
Corporate Communication is the correct answer.

The Goals and functions of Corporate Communication section can be read.
To protect the corporate values is the correct answer.

The Goals and Functions of Corporate Communications section can be read.
Persuading is the correct answer.

The Goals and Functions of Corporate Communications section can be read.
Unifying is the correct answer.

THE CONCEPT OF CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS, ITS DEFINITION AND SCOPE
Corporations are social constructs that come about as a result of human need. First corporations were formed during a time when people realized that as they were struggling to meet certain needs, they could not do so without the help of another or others.

THE CONCEPT OF CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS, ITS DEFINITION AND SCOPE
Communication is at the core of organisations. Organisational meaning and relationships are created through and continued with communication (Putnam & Krone, 2006). Through communication, individuals, groups, organisations and societies can make connections with one another and with their environments. Common actions can be taken with the help of communication.

THE CONCEPT OF CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS, ITS DEFINITION AND SCOPE
Corporate communications support the informational movement with internal and external stakeholders related to the organisational functions.

THE CONCEPT OF CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS, ITS DEFINITION AND SCOPE
The main goal of corporate communications is to protect the corporate values, to motivate employees, to support the creation of a strong corporate culture in order to create a strong brand, and at the same time to bring together the existential components that make up the corporation (Bat, 2012: 110). Another goal of corporate communications is to create a perception in all stakeholders of a transparent, trustworthy, stable and strong corporation.

PERSPECTIVES ON CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS
Classical management approach sees corporations as a mechanism (machine). Classical management focuses on the determination of the corporation’s formal structure. The cornerstones of the approach are composed of principles such as division of labour and specialisation, compartmentalisation, unity of chain of command, hierarchical structures, space of control, unity of corporate goals, balance of power and responsibility and delegation of authority which are constantly emphasized as factors that increase productivity.

STRUCTURE OF CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS
Central model is used by organisations with an authoritarian understanding of management where there is a clear-cut line boundary between the superior and the subordinate.

STRUCTURE OF CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS
Formal communication networks are generally reviewed under three categories, namely vertical, horizontal and diagonal (DuBrin, 2012: 434).

CORPORATE CULTURE AND CORPORATE IDENTITY
Corporate Culture is the sum of values shared by the members of the corporation.
Corporate culture enables the corporation to be recognized in the society, and it reflects the corporation’s values, societal standards and the style and level of its relationship with other corporations and individuals.

CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS STRATEGIES
A corporation’s communications strategy is actually made up of four phases. Corporations that can successfully carry out these phases can reach their corporate goals more easily. These phases are as follows (Cornelissen, 2004: 104-116):
Strategic Analysis Phase
Strategic Intent Phase
Strategic action phase
Tracking and evaluation phase

CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS TOOLS
“New media can include the masses as a group and as individual users. It includes systems where the users can reach content and applications at different time zones while being able to interact with others” (Geray, 2003:20).

There are four goals that corporate communications is expected to fulfil (Okay,
2005: 9):

• Supporting internal and external activities of a corporation (organising),

• Creating an identity for the corporation and product management (persuading),

• Informing the intended internal and external audience (informing),

• Ensuring the socialisation of individuals as good corporate citizens (unifying).

Answer is A)

Creating an identity for the Corporation and product management (persuading),
THE ANSWER is A

Classical Management Approach, Human Relations Approach, Human Resources Approach and System Approach.
the classical theory developed in three streams- Bureaucracy (Weber), Administrative Theory (Fayol), and ( V. ) Scientific Management (Taylor) is embodied in Clasical theory .
Tha answeer is B

Classical management approach sees corporations as a mechanism (machine). Classical management focuses on the determination of the corporation’s formal structure.
The answer is A

The perspective of human relations approach on corporate communications can be found below:

• The basis of human relations approach is effective communication. In this regard,management should trust its employees and employees should be able to discuss work related issues with their superiors.

• The relationship function of corporate communications is regarded as valuable.

• Messages are defined omnidirectionally through formal and informal networks.Verbal channels are prioritised over written channels.

• Bottom up communication is actively used in order to ensure that the employees feel like they are a part of a family.

• Formal and informal communication networks that carry responsibility and social support messages are taken into consideration.

• The existence of informal channels of communication has been accepted and it is suggested that the activities of the channels would not occur without communication (Çetintaş, 2014: 23). The answer B.

The answer is C.

Central model is used by organisations with an authoritarian understanding of management where there is a clear-cut line boundary between the superior and the subordinate. The centre focused communication deems the manager as the one with authority and control.
Chain model is the type of communication formed through messages that will pass from person to person within a group. In the chain model, communication is processed according to the proximity of the members. Hence, some members of the group may be isolated. The members of the group at the centre can communicate with the ones above and below them. The members at the ends of the spectrum can only communicate with the members above or below them. In this model, there is a high level of centralisation. entralisation. The ranks of communication consist of a “Y” model at the beginning or at the end. There is a little communication network in the Y model, and the hierarchy is essential.
Circular model is a democratic model of communication which is mostly established ininformal groups and among people of equal ranks. The group does not have a specific leader. Any individual can begin communication.
Free-flow model is relatively more democratic and in this model, any individual can begin communication or anyone can communicate with one another. The answer is C

The answer is B.

1. Corporate culture changes very little through time, so it has a balanced structure.

I. Corporate Philosophy
II. Corporate Behaviour
III. Corporate Appearance
IV. Corporate communication not Corporate SociologY
V: .Corporate Quality
Corporate sociology is not an aspect of Corporal Identity.
The answer is C)

Different types of corporate culture gives the corporation an identity and value, thus distinguishing it from others. In other words, the researchers who are interested in the corporate culture have created different classifications in accordance with the content of the culture, its strength and type of management, and they have talked about the existence of corporate culture types.
Power Culture: In this type of corporation, power and supervision is concentrated in one hand so, the communication structure also exhibits centralised characteristics. Decisions are not made with an understanding of participatory management but they are made by the people who are a part of the top-level management. Corporate structure is very simple. Bureaucratic practices are not common. Thanks to these characteristics, decisions can be made very quickly when the corporation is faced with a potential emergency (Gürgen, 1997: 169). In this culture, people with authority are the ones that are dominant. Other employees serve the purpose of meeting the expectations of the ones with power and authority.
Role Culture: The division of labour that is needed for specialisation gave rise to the role culture. Role culture is another name for a bureaucratic corporation that works on the principles of logic and rationality. In these types of corporations, everything is systematic. Work is carried out in a disciplined manner and under the guidance of previous experiences. Role culture is slow when it comes to reacting to change. However, it gives individuals the feeling of security and the opportunity to know things beforehand (Akıncı, 1998:62). Corporations in this type of culture are called bureaucratic corporations because functional structures, job descriptions and processes are all in writing. In this type of corporate culture, a manager’s personal whims and reckless practices are minimized.
Task Culture: is the type of culture where adaptation can be achieved very quickly, the focus is on finishing a job and all members of the corporation are unified in line with the objectives of the corporation. This culture is mostly interested in finishing a project or a particular job. Things needed in order to be successful and respected are creativity, talent, intuition and innovative approach. Power is not concentrated in the centre or in the hands of the upper tier.
Personal Culture: In corporations adopting this type of culture, the corporation serves the individual not the other way around. The existence of the corporation is less important than the existence of the individual. Hence, the corporation cannot dismiss an individual from its ranks. If the individual wishes, they can leave the corporation with their free will. Management power is divided among individuals and is based on expertise. The current corporate structure is there to ensure that individuals’ needs are met and that they are supported (Terzi, 2000: 79). In this culture, individuals can maintain their style, personality and freedom.
The answer is B

Corporate Communication is divided into three categories:
• Management communication: Communication of managers at different ranks with internal and external target groups.
• Marketing communication: Marketing communication focuses on advertisements, personal sales, sponsorship and direct mailing.
• Organizational communication: Within the context of organizational communication, there is public relations, investor relations, corporate advertisements, internal communication and employee communication
I- Management communication
III-Marketing communication
IV- Organizational communication

Organizational communication: Within the context of organizational communication, there is public relations, investor relations, corporate advertisements, internal communication and employee communication.

Corporate communication has four objectives: • Corporate communication aims to reach all people both inside and outside of the corporation. • Corporate communication is a long-term process. • Corporate communication makes the facts apparent and aims to display messages without exaggerating. • Other corporations, pressures and directives of the public and media have a forcing effect in actualizing corporate communication.
Corporate communication has a short-term quality process

Managing the Relations with all Stakeholders: To accomplish their visions and sustainable qualities, corporations are expected to form good relations with their stakeholders.

Core principles required to design a healthy and sustainable corporate communication domain are as below:

• Identifying corporate communication strategy


• Defining target mass and stakeholders


• Designing communication tools,Measuring the results of communication activities


• Selection or training of communication specialists

Shaping public opinion, creating corporate brand value and creating brand perception is related to the role of Supporting Corporate Policies. In other words, this option is not one of the core principles of healthy and sustainable corporate communication domain.

As a form of action lobbying is, “initiative to convince the government to amend a given law and replace it with a novel law or to present a novel condition”. Aiming to force the state and stakeholders to realize their demands, corporations gradually started to make greater use of lobbying activities. Lobbying activities could be directed to defense or attack as well.

Crisis Management Institute in the USA (ICM) groups crises under 4 categories:
1. Natural Disasters
2. Mechanical Problems
3. Human Errors
4. Managerial Decisions or Indecisions
Natural disasters
Mechanical problems
Human Errors

Risks refer to all kinds of events or situations that would prevent the corporation to realize its objectives.
Risk in general is defined as the likelihood of damage becoming real in a specific probability distribution. The lexical meaning of risk is “likelihood of loss, impairment or deterioration.” According to another definition risk is; the likelihood of obtaining a result different from the expected outcome. Obtained outcomes that differ from the expected result could be in favor or against the organization. Yet in general risk is used to mean “likelihood of undergoing damages and losses”

Unification: To what extent units in a corporation are motivated to work in coordination as a team

Uniting traits of corporate culture can be stated such: • Social activities • Support of society • Education • Award ceremony • Relaxation • Slogan, logo • News bulletins • Dressing norms
Physical activities

To define terms of Corporate Communication
Corporate communication refers to all communication works that a corporation engages in to be more efficient and productive

To define terms of Corporate Communication
Corporate Communication is divided into three categories:
• Management communication
• Marketing communication
• Organizational communication